关于Compete in the field和Compete for the field的经典文献，为Harold Demsetz.Why Regulate Utilities?Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 11, No. 1. (Apr., 1968), pp. 55-65.及其他关于特许竞标（Franchise bidding）文献经常引用的文献。不过文献年代久远，仅得比较歪斜的镜像版。见谅！