Development, Trade, and the WTO: A Handbook - Bernard M. Hoekman




content:
Foreword xi
A Tribute to J. Michael Finger xiii
Acknowledgments xix
Contributors xxi
Abbreviations xxiii
Introduction xxvii
Part I Trade Policy Reform in Context 1
1 Trade Policy Reform as Institutional Reform 3
Dani Rodrik
2 Economywide Dimensions of Trade Policy and Reform 11
Kym Anderson
3 Exchange Rate Overvaluation and Trade Protection 17
Howard J. Shatz and David G. Tarr
4 Fiscal Dimensions of Trade Liberalization 24
Liam Ebrill, Janet Stotsky, and Reint Gropp
5 Trade Policies for Poverty Alleviation 28
L. Alan Winters
Part II The World Trade Organization 39
6 TheWTO: Functions and Basic Principles 41
Bernard Hoekman
7 Reciprocity in theWTO 50
J.Michael Finger and L. Alan Winters
8 WTO Accession 61
Constantine Michalopoulos
9 Developing Countries and theWTO Dispute Settlement System 71
Valentina Delich
10 The Adequacy of WTO Dispute Settlement Remedies:
A Developing Country Perspective 81
Robert E. Hudec
Part III Selected Trade Policies Affecting Merchandise Trade 93
11 Market Access Issues and theWTO: An Overview 97
Sam Laird
12 Tariff Peaks and Preferences 105
Marcelo Olarreaga and Francis Ng
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Contents
13 Rules of Origin and Trade Preferences 114
Luis Jorge Garay S. and Rafael Cornejo
14 Nonpreferential Rules of Origin and theWTO Harmonization Program 122
Stefano Inama
15 Customs Valuation and Customs Reform 128
Vinod Rege
16 Trade Facilitation: Improving the Invisible Infrastructure 139
Brian Rankin Staples
17 Industrial Policy and Developing Countries 149
Mari Pangestu
18 Export Development Policies and Institutions 160
Philip English and Luc De Wulf
19 Trade-Related Investment Measures 171
Bijit Bora
20 Local Content Policies: Australia’s Experience with Automobiles 179
Garry Pursell
21 Implementing the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing 186
Hanaa Kheir-El-Din
22 Safeguards:Making Sense of GATT/WTO Provisions Allowing for
Import Restrictions 195
J.Michael Finger
23 Dealing with U.S. Trade Laws: Before, During, and After 206
Gary N. Horlick and Eleanor Shea
Part IV Developing Countries and Negotiations on
Trade in Services 213
24 Liberalization of Trade in Services in Developing Countries 221
James Hodge
25 The Magnitude of Flows of Global Trade in Services 235
A.Maurer and P. Chauvet
26 Quantifying Barriers to Trade in Services 247
Robert M. Stern
27 The GATS: Key Features and Sectors 259
Rudolf Adlung, Antonia Carzeniga, Bernard Hoekman,Masamichi Kono,
Aaditya Mattoo, and Lee Tuthill
28 Negotiating Improved Market Access Commitments 280
Aaditya Mattoo
29 Domestic Regulations and Liberalization of Trade in Services 290
Carlo Gamberale and Aaditya Mattoo
30 Movement of Natural Persons and the GATS Major Trade Policy Impediments 304
Rupa Chanda
31 Electronic Commerce, theWTO, and Developing Countries 315
Catherine L.Mann
32 Completing the GATS Framework: Safeguards, Subsidies, and
Government Procurement 326
Pierre Sauvé
33 Regional Liberalization of Trade in Services: Experiences in the Americas 336
Sherry M. Stephenson and Francisco Javier Prieto
Part V Technology and Intellectual Property 347
34 International Technology Transfer and Economic Development 351
Kamal Saggi
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DEVELOPMENT, TRADE, AND THE WTO
35 Implementing the TRIPS Agreement 359
Jayashree Watal
36 Benefiting from Intellectual Property Protection 369
Keith E.Maskus
37 Proprietary Protection of Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge 382
Arvind Subramanian
38 Cultural Industries and Intellectual Property Rights 390
Frank J. Penna and Coenraad J. Visser
39 Trademarks, Geographical Indications, and Developing Countries 403
Carsten Fink and Beata K. Smarzynska
Part VI “Behind-the-Border” and Regulatory Issues 413
40 Multilateral Disciplines and Government Procurement 417
Simon J. Evenett
41 Standards, Regulation, and Trade:WTO Rules and Developing Country Concerns 428
John S.Wilson
42 Multilateral Disciplines and National Investment Policies 439
Bernard Hoekman and Kamal Saggi
43 Trade, Competition, and theWTO 447
Peter Holmes
44 Merger and Anticartel Policies in an Era of Integrating Markets 456
Simon J. Evenett
45 Trade and Labor: Text, Institutions, and Context 463
Simon Tay
46 Environmental Regulation and theWTO 472
Veena Jha
Part VII The Trading System and Developing Countries 483
47 Developing Countries: Turning Participation into Influence 485
Diana Tussie and Miguel F. Lengyel
48 Implementation of WTO Commitments: The Development Challenge 493
J.Michael Finger and Philip Schuler
49 Special and Differential Treatment 504
T. Ademola Oyejide
50 Trade-Related Capacity Building for Enhanced African Participation
in the Global Economy 509
David F. Luke
Part VIII Trade Policy Questions and Guidelines 517
51 Rules of Thumb for Trade Policy 519
Constantine Michalopoulos,Maurice Schiff, and David G. Tarr
52 Arguments for and against Uniform Tariffs 526
David G. Tarr
53 Formula Approaches to Reciprocal Tariff Liberalization 535
Arvind Panagariya
54 Binding Tariffs:Why Do It? 540
Joseph F. Francois and Will Martin
55 Benefiting from Regional Integration 548
Bernard Hoekman and Maurice Schiff
Appendixes 559
A Patterns of Trade and Protection: Selected Country Data 561
Francis Ng
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Contents
B Trade Indicators and Indices 585
Francis Ng
C A Dataset on Trade and Production, 1976–99 589
Alessandro Nicita and Marcelo Olarreaga
Glossary of Trade-Related Terms 593
Bibliography 605
Index 629