Panel unit root test: Summary
Series: R
Date: 06/24/13 Time: 21:39
Sample: 1985M04 2011M03
Exogenous variables: Individual effects
User-specified lags: 0
Newey-West automatic bandwidth selection and Bartlett kernel
Balanced observations for each test
Cross-
Method Statistic Prob.** sections Obs
Null: Unit root (assumes common unit root process)
Levin, Lin & Chu t* -726.471 0.0000 1571 487010
Null: Unit root (assumes individual unit root process)
Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat -742.846 0.0000 1571 487010
ADF - Fisher Chi-square 219218. 0.0000 1571 487010
PP - Fisher Chi-square 219223. 0.0000 1571 487010
** Probabilities for Fisher tests are computed using an asymptotic Chi
-square distribution. All other tests assume asymptotic normality.