包括财政和货币政策还有汇率政策

凯恩斯认为国民收入是经济社会的有效需求决定的，在边际消费倾向递减规律，资本边际效率递减规律和流动偏好三个基本心里规律的作用下导致需求和投资需求不足从而社会总需求不足，从而社会总是小于充分就业的的均衡。这是仅靠市场自发调节无法解决均衡就业的过程，这就需要政府采取财政或货币政策进行调节，刺激有效需求，达到充分就业的状态。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-18 12:52:03编辑过]

需求管理理论都有哪些呢？

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