英文文献：Does Growth Enhancement Support Scheme (GESS) Contribute to Youth Development in Informal Farm Entrepreneurship? Evidence from Rural Communities in Nigeria-促进增长支持计划(GESS)是否有助于非正规农场创业中的青年发展?来自尼日利亚农村社区的证据
英文文献作者：Joseph I. Uduji,Elda N. Okolo-Obasi,Simplice A. Asongu
英文文献摘要：
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the impact of a growth enhancement support scheme (GESS) on youth development in informal farm entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Its special focus is to investigate the impact of the GESS on rural youths’ adoption of new technologies needed to sustainably increase food security in Nigeria. Design/ methodology/ approach – This paper adopts a survey research technique, aimed at gathering information from a representative sample of the population, as it is essentially cross-sectional, describing and interpreting the current situation. A total of 800 rural youths were sampled across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Findings – The result from the use of a bivariate probit model indicate that the GESS has a significant impact on rural youths’ innovations in farming. Practical implication – This suggests that information and communication technology (ICT) could provide new opportunities for making farming more interesting and enterprising for rural young people. Social implication – It implies that while old male and female farmers are less likely to adopt the new farming technologies needed to achieve Nigeria’s agricultural transformation agenda (ATA), a younger generation can help introduce new technologies, whilst also learning from traditional methods. Originality/ value – This research adds to the literature on informal farm entrepreneurship and rural communities’ debate in developing countries. It concludes that engaging youths in GESS should form the foundation of the ATA in Nigeria, which, in turn, would offer adequate combination of new and traditional solutions to address the challenges of food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.

目的——本文的目的是批判性地研究促进增长支持计划(GESS)对尼日利亚非正规农场创业中的青年发展的影响。它的特别重点是调查GESS对农村青年采用可持续提高尼日利亚粮食安全所需的新技术的影响。设计/方法/方法——本文采用调查研究技术，旨在从具有代表性的人口样本中收集信息，因为它本质上是横断面的，描述和解释现状。研究人员在尼日利亚的六个地缘政治区域抽取了800名农村青年。结果——使用双变量probit模型的结果表明，GESS对农村青年的农业创新有重大影响。实际意义——这表明信息和通信技术(ICT)可以提供新的机会，使农业对农村年轻人来说更有趣和更有进取心。社会意义——这意味着，尽管老年男性和女性农民不太可能采用实现尼日利亚农业转型议程(ATA)所需的新农业技术，但年轻一代可以帮助引进新技术，同时也可以从传统方法中学习。独创性/价值——这项研究增加了关于发展中国家非正式农场创业和农村社区辩论的文献。报告的结论是，让年轻人参与GESS应该成为尼日利亚的ATA的基础，而ATA反过来将提供新的和传统的解决方案的充分结合，以应对撒哈拉以南非洲地区的粮食不安全挑战。