英文文献：Knowledge, Adoption and Use Intensity of Improved Maize Technologies in Ethiopia-埃塞俄比亚对改良玉米技术的知识、采用和使用强度
英文文献作者：Jaleta, Moti,Yirga, Chilot,Kassie, Menale,De Groote, Hugo,Shiferaw, Bekele
英文文献摘要：
Since the beginning of 1970’s, more than 40 improved maize varieties have been released and disseminated to maize potential areas in Ethiopia. Using cross-sectional survey data collected in 2011 from 39 districts in five Regional States, this paper examines smallholder farmers’ knowledge, adoption and intensity of use of improved maize varieties in the country. Poisson, binary and multinomial Probit, Tobit and Heckman’s selection models are used in explaining determinants of maize variety knowledge, adoption, intensity of maize area under improved varieties at a household level, and type of maize seed used at plot level. Results show that household characteristics, availability of family labor, wealth status, social networks, and access to credit to buy seed and fertilizer, better soil fertility and depth, market opportunities (number of traders known in villages) affect the number of improved maize varieties known to farmers, their adoption and intensity of farm area allocated to improved varieties, and the use of freshly purchased hybrid and/or OPV maize varieties. Generally, institutional arrangements that strengthen farmers’ access to input and output markets and accumulation of wealth could enhance the knowledge and use of improved maize technologies for better productivity and household income.

自1970年代初以来，40多个改良的玉米品种已被释放并散布到埃塞俄比亚的玉米潜力地区。本文利用2011年在5个州的39个地区收集的横断面调查数据，调查了该国小农对改良玉米品种的知识、采用和使用强度。本文采用泊松选择模型、二项多项Probit模型、Tobit选择模型和Heckman选择模型来解释农户层面上的玉米品种知识、采用、改良品种下的玉米面积强度和小区层面上的玉米种子类型的决定因素。结果表明,家庭特征、家庭劳动力的可用性,财富地位,社交网络,和获得信贷购买种子和肥料,改善土壤肥力和深度,市场机会(村庄)的交易员已知数量影响的数量提高玉米品种的农民,他们采用和农场面积分配给改良品种,强度和使用新购买混合动力和/或口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗玉米品种。一般来说，加强农民进入投入和产出市场以及财富积累的制度安排，可以提高知识和使用改良的玉米技术，以提高生产率和家庭收入。