英文文献：Price Transmission And Asymmetric Adjustment In The Spanish Dairy Sector-西班牙乳品行业的价格传导和不对称调整
英文文献作者：Serra, Teresa,Goodwin, Barry K.
英文文献摘要：
Asymmetric threshold error correction models are used to analyze price relationships and patterns of transmission among farm and retail markets for a variety of dairy products in Spain. Our empirical analysis is conducted using both weekly and monthly price data. Our results suggest that the transmission of shocks is largely unidirectional, running from the farm to retail levels. Formal tests confirm asymmetries, though our results suggest that the effects of these asymmetries are modest. Implications for the organizational structure of Spanish dairy markets are offered.

在西班牙，非对称阈值误差修正模型用于分析各种乳制品在农场和零售市场之间的价格关系和传播模式。我们的实证分析是使用周和月的价格数据进行的。我们的结果表明，冲击的传播基本上是单向的，从农场到零售层面。正式测试证实了不对称，尽管我们的结果表明这些不对称的影响是适度的。提出了西班牙乳制品市场组织结构的启示。