英文文献：Import Demand Estimation and the Generalized Composite Commodity Theorem-进口需求估计与广义复合商品定理
英文文献作者：Asche, Frank,Guttormsen, Atle G.,Kristofersson, Dadi,Roheim, Cathy A.
英文文献摘要：
A frequently encountered problem in import demand estimation is how to account for competition between imports and domestic production. Traditionally, use of the Armington model has been a way to handle this problem. This is a disaggregate model which distinguishes commodities by country of origin with import demand determined in a separable two-step procedure. The model appears frequently in analysis of international agricultural markets. However, the Armington model relies on a set of weak separability assumptions, which several authors have shown to be highly questionable. In this paper, a new aggregation theorem, the Generalized Composite Commodity Theorem (GCCT), is applied to test whether imports can be treated as a separate group. An advantage with the GCCT is that only import data is required to conduct the test. The application is to the imports of swordfish to the U.S. with implications for U.S. and international swordfish management policies.

在进口需求估算中经常遇到的一个问题是如何考虑进口产品与国内产品之间的竞争。传统上，使用Armington模型是处理这个问题的一种方法。这是一种将商品按原产国区分的非聚集模型，其进口需求由一个可分的两步程序确定。该模型经常出现在国际农产品市场分析中。然而，Armington模型依赖于一组弱可分离性假设，一些作者已经证明这是高度可疑的。摘要本文应用一种新的聚合定理——广义复合商品定理(GCCT)来检验进口商品是否可以作为一个单独的组来对待。GCCT的一个优点是只需要导入数据来执行测试。该申请是针对美国的剑鱼进口，并对美国和国际剑鱼管理政策产生影响。