英文文献：Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems as a Strategy for Mitigating Climate Change-森林生态系统碳封存作为减缓气候变化的一项战略
英文文献作者：van Kooten, G. Cornelis,Wang, Yichuan,Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna
英文文献摘要：
Under Kyoto, forestry activities that sequester carbon can be used to create CO2 offset credits that could obviate the need for lifestyle-changing reductions in fossil fuel use. Credits are earned by storing carbon in forest ecosystems and wood products, although CO2 emissions are also mitigated by delaying deforestation, which accounts for one-quarter of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Non-permanent carbon offsets from forest activities are difficult to compare with each other and with mitigation strategies because they differ in how long they prevent CO2 from entering the atmosphere. In this paper, we investigate issues of carbon sequestration in detail, but in particular we expand in comprehensive fashion on earlier work comparing carbon mitigation activities according to how long they can lower atmospheric CO2 levels. The duration problem is modeled theoretically. Meta-regression analysis with 1047 observations from 68 studies is then used to determine whether the duration problem leads to inconclusive results between carbon-uptake costs and carbon sequestration. In addition, from the regression analysis, it is possible to estimate potential costs of carbon uptake via forestry activities for various scenarios. It turns out that forestry activities are competitive with emissions reduction in tropical regions and, perhaps, in boreal regions, but certainly not in Europe.

根据《京都议定书》，森林活动的固碳可以用来创造二氧化碳抵销信用，这可以避免减少化石燃料的使用，减少生活方式的改变。碳信用是通过在森林生态系统和木材产品中储存碳来获得的，尽管二氧化碳排放也因推迟砍伐森林而得到缓解，而砍伐森林占了人为二氧化碳排放的四分之一。森林活动的非永久性碳抵消难以相互比较，也难以与缓解战略进行比较，因为它们在阻止二氧化碳进入大气的时间上存在差异。在这篇论文中，我们详细地研究了碳封存的问题，但我们特别全面地扩展了早期的工作，根据减缓大气二氧化碳水平的时间来比较减缓碳排放的活动。对持续时间问题进行了理论建模。然后使用68项研究的1047项观察结果进行元回归分析，以确定持续时间问题是否会导致碳吸收成本和碳吸收之间的不确定结果。此外，通过回归分析，可以估计在各种情况下通过林业活动吸收碳的潜在成本。结果是，在热带地区，也许在北方地区，森林活动与减少排放具有竞争性，但在欧洲肯定不是这样。