英文文献：Innovation Clusters in Technological Systems: A Network Analysis of 15 OECD Countries for the Middle '90s-技术系统中的创新集群:90年代中期15个经合组织国家的网络分析
英文文献作者：Sandro Montresor,Giuseppe Vittucci Marzetti
英文文献摘要：
The paper aims at investigating how innovations cluster in different technological systems (TSs) when their “techno-economic", rather than “territorial" space is considered. Innovation clusters of economic sectors are identified by applying network analysis to the intersectoral R&D flows matrices of 15 OECD countries in the middle '90s. Different clusterization models are first tested in order to detect the way sectors group on the basis of the embodied R&D flows they exchange. Actual clusters are then mapped in the different TSs by looking for intersectoral relationships which can be qualified to constitute “reduced-TSs" (ReTSs). In all the 15 TSs investigated the technoeconomic space appears organized in hierarchies, along which its constitutive sectors group into clusters with different density and composition. Once ReTSs are looked for, the 15 TSs display highly heterogeneous structures, but with some interesting similarity on the basis of which different clusters of TSs can be identified in turn.

摘要本文旨在探讨创新在不同技术系统(TSs)的“技术经济”空间而非“地域”空间下如何聚集。通过将网络分析应用到15个经合组织国家在90年代中期的跨部门研发流动矩阵中，确定了经济部门的创新集群。本文首先对不同的集群化模型进行了测试，以考察各部门在体现研发流交换的基础上的集群化方式。然后，通过寻找可以构成“简化TSs”(ReTSs)的部门间关系，将实际的集群映射到不同的TSs中。在所有的15个TSs所调查的技术经济空间呈现出层次结构，其组成部门分组成不同密度和组成的集群。一旦寻找到ReTSs, 15个TSs显示出高度不均匀的结构，但有一些有趣的相似性，在此基础上可以依次识别TSs的不同簇。