1、昨日2小时,总计200小时;2、考试结束了,开始新的学习和阅读计划,每天都在学习中成长。
3、【单词】 There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.
[词汇] glorious adj. 辉煌的;荣誉的;极好的; (The win revived glorious memories of his championship-winning days.) splendid adj.壮观的,豪华的;极好的或令人满意的;闪亮的;为众人所推崇的 (The book includes a wealth of splendid photographs.)
<辨析> glorious adj. [正式]辉煌的,壮丽的
〔辨析〕侧重指非常美丽且给人带来愉悦感的。
〔例证〕glorious views of the coas splendid adj. [尤英]壮丽的,华丽的,辉煌的
〔辨析〕词义同 magnificent, 常可换用。
〔例证〕They lived in a room that had a splendid/magnificent view.
magnificent adj. 壮丽的,华丽的
〔辨析〕多用来形容建筑物、景色等美丽而壮观的。
〔例证〕the magnificent view over the valle
昨日阅读3小时,累积阅读89小时。
Knowledge spillover studies have therefore proved valuable in highlighting that the knowledge spillovers process remains localised and that this holds true, at least initially, for codified knowledge. What such studies do not provide are insights into the process of knowledge transfer and sharing which remains a ‘black box’ in terms of our conceptual understanding. Above all, tacit knowledge, although acknowledged, remains unexplored. The notion that tacit knowledge is all about individuals and that charting the movement of individuals within organisations indicates something about tacit knowledge transfer, as some knowledge spillover studies have done, is valid, but still goes little way towards uncovering the specifics—‘what, when and how’—of such transfers.This is not to suggest that research into studying the spatial transfer of knowledge will be easy. In many cases, surrogate indicators will have to be used. However, at present, most work depends on oft-repeated assumptions of what is supposed to happen under mainly normative conditions.
Two further issues need highlighting in any discussion of knowledge and geography: one that has already been discussed; one that has not. The first relates to the demand for, and consumption of, knowledge and how geography shapes this process. Analysis so far has concentrated on supply-side issues and the transfer process; very little is known about the way knowledge is demanded and the consumption process and the take-up of knowledge. The second issue is the power dimension, which is strangely ignored in studies of knowledge.12 As with all relationships, the process of transferring and utilizing knowledge is shaped by issues of asymmetries in power, both in relation to socially bonded knowledge (Harvey, 1999) and in terms of interfirm and interorganizational knowledge relationships.This omission needs to be rectified if we are fully to under stand the process of knowledge formulation and exchange.
Lastly, we should be careful about the particularities of geography. Virtually all the empirical studies of knowledge spillovers have explored the US context which will be, not unexpectedly, influenced by the ‘national systems of cities’ (Thompson, 1972; and the resultant information flows: Pred, 1972) and regions in North America and the nature and pattern of infrastructure in place there (Kellerman,1984). There will undoubtedly be differences—some major, some subtle—in how knowledge is transferred in other countries and these need to be explored.