261. 欧洲文学中的存在主义
《地下室手记》(Notes from the underground, 1864)费奥多尔-陀思妥耶夫斯基:讲得是一个残缺的社会如何蚕食掉其中最优秀的成员的生命的。
《伊里奇之死》(The Death of Ivan Ilyich, 1884)列夫-托尔斯泰(Leo Tolstoy):描述了无意义和徒劳的生活。
《审判》(The Trail, 1925)弗兰茨-卡夫卡:小说探讨了这样的思想,我们感到责任,或者是有责任感的,只有在我们能找到自己的情况下。
《秃头女高音》(The Bald Soprano, 1950),尤金-尤奈斯库。这部作品属于所谓荒诞戏剧的流派。两个陌生人在晚宴上相逢,开始攀谈。最后发现彼此是夫妻。
《等待多戈》(Waiting for Godot, 1953)塞缪尔-贝克特(Samuel Beckett)创作的一出戏剧:探讨了人类交流的困境。
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Blockchain:
昨天阅读2小时, 累计阅读192小时
Chapter 9 entry and the advantage of incumbency
Reflection: incumbents dislike new entries for two reasons. One is successful entry implies that the incumbent’s share of industry profits must decline and second entry frequently lead to great competitive intensity within in the industry because competition usually increase as the number of firms in an industry increase. Entry can depress aggregate profits by making the industry more competitive and can reduce the share of industry profits the original firms retain. On the other hand, if barriers to entry exist, the incumbent firms might retain a substantial share of potential share of potential industry earnings over the long run. A study of entry barriers is therefore an essential part of industry analysis. Michael port 5 force theory, existing competitors, supplier, customer, new substitute, new entry. Entry barriers are conditions that make the industry less attractive to a potential entrant than it is to the incumbent firms. We will refer to entry barriers as incumbency advantage. This terminology emphasizes that an entry barrier gives a competitive advantage to an incumbent firm because it is an incumbent several types of incumbent advantage had been discussed. Sale advantage,( one of the most frequent cited entry barriers in the literature is economies of scale),incumbency advantage from cumulative investment, learning economies, innovation advantage, promotional advantage, incumbency advantage from customer loyalty, incumbency advantage from switching costs and demand side increasing returns, incumbency advantage from sunk cost, firm scope. Strategically creating incumbency advantage : packing the product space, blocking entry through contract or vertical integration, signaling to prevent entry,
剛加入閲讀計劃,昨日閲讀了2小時,總閱讀時間2小時。
閱讀multination business finance, chapter 1 current multinational challenges and the global economy (現金跨國挑戰以及國際經).
因爲我下個學期會讀到這科,所以先做預習。