昨天阅读3小时，累计阅读507小时。
做读书摘要如下：
Maneuver Them into Weakness: The Ripening-For-The-Sickles Strategy
No matter how strong you are, fighting endless battles with people is exhausting, costly, and unimaginative. Wise strategists generally prefer the art of maneuver: Before the battle even begins, they find ways to put their opponents in positions of such weakness that victory is easy and quick. Bait enemies into taking positions that may seem alluring but are actually traps and blind alleys. If their position is strong, get them to abandon it by leading them on a wild-goose chase. Create dilemmas: devise maneuvers that give them a choice of ways to respond-all of them bad. Channel chaos and disorder in their direction. Confused, frustrated, and angry opponents are like ripe fruit on the bough: the slightest breeze will make them fall.
The following are the four main principles of maneuver warfare: (1) Craft a plan with branches. The perfect plan stems from a detailed analysis of the situation, which allows you to decide on the best direction to follow or the perfect position to occupy and suggests several effective options to take, depending on what the enemy throws at you. (2) Give yourself room to maneuver. (3) Give your enemy dilemmas, not problems.  Most of your opponents are likely to be clever and resourceful; if your maneuvers simply present them with a problem, they will inevitably solve it. But a dilemma is different: whatever they do, however they respond—retreat, advance, stay still—they are still in trouble. Make every option bad: if you maneuver quickly to a point, for instance, you can force your enemies either to fight before they are ready or retreat. Try constantly to put them in positions that seem alluring but are traps. (4) Create maximum disorder.
“Aptitude for maneuver is the supreme skill in a general; it is the most useful and rarest of gifts by which genius is estimated.”—Napoleon
Understand: in life as in war, nothing ever happens just as you expect it to. People’s responses are odd or surprising, your staff commits outrageous acts of stupidity, on and on.
Everything is political in the world today, and politics is all about positioning. In any political battle, the best way to stake out a position is to draw a sharp contract with the other side. If you have to resort to speeches to make this contrast, you are on shaky ground: people distrust words. Insisting that you are strong or well qualified rings as self-promotion. Instead make the opposing side talk and take the first move. Once they have committed to a position and fixed it in other people’s minds, they are ripe for the sickle. Now you can create a contrast by quoting their words back at them, showing how different you are—in tone, in attitude, in action. Make the contrast deep. Use this strategy in the battles of daily life, letting people commit themselves to a position you can turn into a dead end. Never say you are strong, show you are, by making a contrast between yourself and your inconsistent or moderate.
The greatest power you can have in any conflict is the ability to confuse your opponent about your intentions. Confused opponents do not know how or where to defend themselves; hit them with a surprise attack and they are pushed off balance and fall.
Authority: “Battles are won by slaughter and maneuver. The greater the general, the more he contributes in maneuver, the less he demands in slaughter… Nearly all the battle switch are regarded as masterpieces of the military art… have been battles of maneuver in which very often the enemy has found himself defeated by some novel expedient for device, some queer, swift, unexpected thrust or stratagem. In such battles the losses of the victors have been small.”—Winston Churchill

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/GO-48lTh0lKZ03W8BOd4JA

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2019.1.13
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阅读1小时，总计749小时，第711日。
阅读《资治通鉴》卷98-100
赵秦公韬有宠于赵王虎，欲立之，以太子宣长，犹豫未决。宣尝忤旨，虎怒曰：“悔不立韬也！”韬由是益骄，造堂于太尉府，号曰宣光殿，梁长九丈。宣见而大怒，斩匠，截梁而去；韬怒，增之至十丈。宣闻之，谓所幸杨柸、牟成、赵生曰：“凶竖傲愎乃敢尔！汝能杀之，吾入西宫，当尽以韬之国邑分封汝等。韬死，主上必临丧，吾因行大事，蔑不济矣。”柸等许诺。
赵乐平王苞谋帅关右之众攻鄴，左长史石光、司马曹曜等固谏，苞怒，杀光等百馀人。苞性贪而无谋，雍州豪杰知其无成，并遣使告晋，梁州刺史司马勋帅众赴之。
近日孙、刘构逆，支党伏诛，良善一无预也。今日已后，与官同心者留，不同者各任所之。敕城门不复相禁。”于是赵人百里内悉入城，胡、羯去者填门。闵知胡之不为己用，班令内外：“赵人斩一胡首送凤阳门者，文官进位三等，武官悉拜牙门。”一日之中，斩首数万。闵亲帅赵人以诛胡、羯，无贵贱、男女、少长皆斩之，死者二十馀万，尸诸城外，悉为野犬豺狼所食。其屯戍四方者，闵皆以书命赵人为将帅者诛之，或高鼻多须滥死者半。
司徒申钟等上尊号于闵，闵以让李农，农固辞。闵曰：“吾属故晋人也，今晋室犹存，请与诸君分割州郡，各称牧、守、公、侯，奉表迎晋天子还都洛阳，何如？”尚书胡睦进曰：“陛下圣德应天，宜登在位，晋氏衰微，远窜江表，岂能总驭英雄，混壹四海乎！”闵曰：“胡尚书之言，可谓识机知命矣。”乃即皇帝位，大赦，改元永兴，国号大魏。
甲午，苻健入长安，以民心思晋，乃遣参军杜山伯诣建康献捷，并修好于桓温。于是秦、雍夷夏皆附之。赵凉州刺史石宁独据上邽不下，十二月，苻雄击斩之。
秦丞相雄等请秦王健正尊号，依汉、晋之旧，不必效石氏之初。健从之，即皇帝位，大赦。诸公皆进爵为王。且言单于所以统壹百蛮，非天子所宜领，以授太子苌。
己卯，冉闵至蓟。俊大赦，立闵而责之曰：“汝奴仆下才，何得妄称帝？”闵曰：“天下大乱，尔曹夷狄禽兽之类犹称帝，况我中土英雄，何为不得称帝邪！”俊怒，鞭之三百，送于龙城。故赵将拥兵据州郡者，各遣使降燕；燕王俊以王擢为益州刺史，夔逸为秦州刺史，张平为并州刺史，李历为兗州刺史，高昌为安西将军，刘宁为车骑将军。
张重华遣将军张弘、宋修会王擢帅骑万五千伐秦。秦丞相雄、卫将军菁拒之，大败凉兵于龙黎，斩首万二千级，虏张弘、宋修，王擢弃秦州，奔姑臧。秦主健以领军将军苻愿为秦州刺史，镇上邽。
中军将军、扬州刺史殷浩连年北伐，师徒屡败，粮械都尽。征西将军桓温因朝野之怨，上疏数浩之罪，请废之。朝廷不得已，免浩为庶人，徙东阳之信安。自此内外大权一归于温矣。
桓温之入关也，王擢遣使告凉王祚，言温善用兵，其志难测。祚惧，且畏擢之叛己，遣人刺之。事泄，祚益惧，大发兵，声言东伐，实欲西保敦煌，会温还而止。既而遣秦州刺史牛霸等帅兵三千击擢，破之。十一月，擢帅众降秦，秦以擢为尚书，以上将军啖铁为秦州刺史。
顾命大臣，所以辅导嗣子，为之羽翼也。为之羽翼而教使剪之，能无毙乎！知其不忠。则勿任而已矣。任以大柄，又从而猜之，鲜有不召乱者也。
周成帅众出降，温屯故太极殿前，既而徙屯金墉城。已丑，谒诸陵，有毁坏者修复之，各置陵令。表镇西将军谢尚都督司州诸军事，镇洛阳。以尚未至，留颖川太守毛穆之、督护陈午、河南太守戴施以二千人戍洛阳，卫山陵，徙降军三千馀家于江、汉之间，执周成以归。秦主生夜食枣多，旦而有疾，召太医令程延，使诊之。延曰：“陛下无它疾，食枣多耳。”生怒曰：“汝非圣人，安知吾食枣！”遂斩之。燕主俊欲经营秦、晋，十二月，令州郡校实见丁，户留一丁，馀悉发为兵，欲使步卒满一百五十万，期来春大集洛阳。武邑刘贵上书，极陈“百姓凋弊，发兵非法，必致土崩之变。”俊善之，乃更令三五发兵，宽其期日，以来冬集鄴。
俊梦赵主虎啮其臂，乃发虎墓，求尸不获，购以百金；鄴女子李菟知而告之，得尸于东明观下，僵而不腐。俊蹋而骂之曰：“死胡，何敢怖生天子！”数其残暴之罪而鞭之，投于漳水，尸倚桥柱不流。及秦灭燕，王猛为之诛李菟，收而葬之。

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