01.

槟榔

betel nut

palm tree 棕榈树

• Numerous studies have found and association between the incidence of oral cancers and betel nut chewing.

  研究指出，口腔癌的发生与嚼食槟榔有密切关系。

  
  

• Betel nut is a seed of a type of palm tree.

  槟榔是一种棕榈树的种子。

  
  

02.

头晕，头昏眼花

dizziness

vomiting 呕吐

diarrhea 拉肚子

• A sudden dizziness overpowered him.

  一阵突然的晕眩令他难以忍受。

  
  

• She has been vomiting all night.

  她一直呕吐了一夜。

• He has trouble with diarrhea.

  他拉肚子。

  
  

03.

能量支持

energy boost

• Fresh air always gives an energy boost.

  新鲜的空气通常能让人恢复精神。

• Many people chew betel nut for the energy boost it produces.

  许多人嚼槟榔是为了增加能量。

  
  

04.

（在价值、数量等方面）相等的，等价的

equivalent

• Eight kilometers is roughly equivalent to five miles.

  八公里约等于五英里。

  
  

• 250 grams or an equivalent amount in ounces.

  250克或与之等量的盎司。

  
  

05.

口腔黏膜下纤维化

oral submucous fibrosis

oral cancer 口腔癌

• The evidence of betel nut chewing as one of the major risk factors leading to leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, oral cancer and esophagus cancers have been well published.

  嚼食槟榔已知为造成口腔白斑、口腔黏膜下纤维化、口腔癌及食道癌之主要危险因子之一。

  
  

• Oral cancer is the second serious dental problem.

  口腔癌是第二大严重的牙科疾病。