国际能源署-2011年4月发布-《全球智能电网发展规划路线图》(SmartGrids Roadmap)-52页

Foreword 1
Table of Contents 2
Acknowledgements 4
Key Findings 5
Introduction 6
What are smart grids? 6
Rationale for smart grid technology 6
Purpose, process and structure of the roadmap 8
Electricity System Needs for Today and the Future 10
Future demand and supply 10
Electricity system considerations 13
Electricity reliability 14
Smart Grid Deployment 17
Smart grid technologies 17
Smart grid demonstration and deployment efforts 20
Tailoring smart grids to developing countries and emerging economies 22
Status of electricity system markets and regulation 23
Vision for Smart Grid Deployment to 2050 24
Regional analysis and impacts for deployment 24
Quantification of peak demand and the impact of smart grids 24
Regional scenarios for deployment to 2050 26
Smart grid CO2 emissions reduction estimates to 2050 27
Estimating smart grid investment costs and operating savings 27
Technology Development: Actions and Milestones 30
Development and demonstration 30
Standards 31
Policy and Regulatory Framework: Actions and Milestones 34
Generation, transmission and distribution 34
Smart grid, smart consumer policies 36
Building consensus on smart grid deployment 40
International Collaboration 41
Expand existing international collaboration efforts 41
Create new collaborations with other electricity system technology areas 41
Smart grid collaboration and developing countries 42
Conclusion: Near-term Roadmap Actions for Stakeholders 43
Summary of actions led by stakeholders 43
Glossary 45
References 47
List of Relevant Websites 48