用IML过程最为快捷。这是我的程序段，用了你从1到5的观测，在程序里运行成功。将我的程序段稍加改动，就能得到你想要的结果，相信下面的步骤你能解决了。

data test;
input ID X;
cards;
1 4
2 6
3 2
4 5
5 2
;
run;

proc print data=test;
run;

proc IML;
use test;
read all var {ID X} into matrix;
print matrix;

n=nrow(matrix);
Pool=j(n,1,0);
R=j(n,1,0);

do i=1 to n;
Pool[i]=Matrix[i,2];
t=0;
      do j=1 to n;
      if Matrix[j,2] >= Pool[i] then t=t+1;
      end;
R[i]=t;
end;

print Matrix R;

newone=matrix||R;
create newone var {ID X R};
append from newone;
quit;

proc print data=newone;
run;

Thanks a lot!雖然我看不懂IML....不過這的確解決了我的問題~~

萬分感謝~~

用sql比较方便

data test;
input ID   X;
datalines;
1     4
2     6
3     2
4     5
5     2
;
run;

proc sql;
create table new as
select *, (select count(ID) from test where X>=a.X) as count
from test as a
;
quit;

proc print data=new;run;