First, we will see a brief history of source control systems to provide a context. Modern
source control systems are quite powerful. The evolution of the source control systems
went through the following stages:
• Stage 1: The source code was initially started by local source control systems that
were stored on a hard drive. This local code collection was called a local repository.
• Stage 2: But using source control locally was not suitable for larger teams. This
solution eventually evolved into a central server-based repository that was shared
by the members of the team working on a particular project. It solved the problem
of code sharing among team members, but it also created an additional challenge of
locking the files for the multiuser environment.
• Stage 3: Modern version control repositories such as Git evolved this model further.
All members of a team now have a full copy of the repository that is stored. The
members of the team now work offline on the code. They need to connect to the
repository only when there is a need to share the code.