我没有在R的界面下试过，我是在RStudio里面试验的，可以正常安装和使用。只要安装了spdep，那依附需要的terra，raster，deldir等都会一起下载安装。

遇到同样问题，楼主解决了吗。新春愉快~

我用studio好像也没有用哦 他直接安装的terra的旧版本，现在问题是我不知道怎么安装新版的terra包哦
> install.packages("spdep")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
还安装相依关系‘terra’, ‘raster’, ‘classInt’, ‘DBI’, ‘Rcpp’, ‘wk’, ‘proxy’, ‘sp’, ‘spData’, ‘sf’, ‘deldir’, ‘units’, ‘s2’, ‘e1071’


  有二进制版本的，但源代码版本是后来的:
      binary source needs_compilation
terra 1.4-22 1.5-17              TRUE
sf     1.0-5  1.0-6              TRUE

  Binaries will be installed
trying URL 'https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/4.1/terra_1.4-22.zip'

你好。我的理解是，需要安装一个最新版的terra包，你用install.packages("terra")他会自动安装一个旧版的。我也还不懂哦。

*** arch - i386
rm -f terra.dll RcppExports.o RcppFunctions.o RcppModule.o arith.o crs.o distRaster.o distance.o extract.o file_utils.o focal.o gcp.o gdal_algs.o gdal_multidimensional.o gdalio.o geodesic.o geos_methods.o geosphere.o graticule.o math_utils.o mediancut.o memory.o ncdf.o ram.o raster_methods.o raster_stats.o rasterize.o read.o read_gdal.o read_ogr.o sample.o spatBase.o spatDataframe.o spatRaster.o spatSources.o spatTime.o spatVector.o string_utils.o vecmath.o vector_methods.o write.o write_gdal.o write_ogr.o
mkdir -p ../inst
"D:/R-41~1.2/bin/i386/Rscript.exe" --vanilla "../tools/winlibs.R" 3.2.1
Error in download.file(sprintf("https://github.com/rwinlib/gdal3/archive/v%s.zip",  :
  无法打开URL'https://github.com/rwinlib/gdal3/archive/v3.2.1.zip'
此外: Warning message:
In download.file(sprintf("https://github.com/rwinlib/gdal3/archive/v%s.zip",  :
  InternetOpenUrl失败:’操作超时'
停止执行
make: *** [Makevars.win:30: winlibs] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package 'terra'
* removing 'D:/R-4.1.2/library/terra'
* restoring previous 'D:/R-4.1.2/library/terra'

The downloaded source packages are in
        ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpk9F6kE\downloaded_packages’
Warning message:
In install.packages(update[instlib == l, "Package"], l, repos = repos,  :
  installation of package ‘terra’ had non-zero exit status

虽不知为何，今日用Rstudio直接安装terra包自动安装了最新版且可以用，暂时无问题了。谢谢各位。