用连老师pvar包里的跑的xtgcause，不清楚怎么看结果，计量小白~求助呀 谢谢各位

·xtgcause upgrade fdi


Dumitrescu & Hurlin (2012) Granger non-causality test results:
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Lag order: 1
W-bar =          2.5500
Z-bar =          4.3840   (p-value = 0.0000)
Z-bar tilde =    2.4017   (p-value = 0.0163)
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H0: fdi does not Granger-cause upgrade.
H1: fdi does Granger-cause upgrade for at least one panelvar (region).