英文标题:
《Global inequality in energy consumption from 1980 to 2010》
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作者:
Scott Lawrence and Qin Liu and Victor M. Yakovenko
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最新提交年份:
2014
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英文摘要:
We study the global probability distribution of energy consumption per capita around the world using data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) for 1980-2010. We find that the Lorenz curves have moved up during this time period, and the Gini coefficient G has decreased from 0.66 in 1980 to 0.55 in 2010, indicating a decrease in inequality. The global probability distribution of energy consumption per capita in 2010 is close to the exponential distribution with G=0.5. We attribute this result to the globalization of the world economy, which mixes the world and brings it closer to the state of maximal entropy. We argue that global energy production is a limited resource that is partitioned among the world population. The most probable partition is the one that maximizes entropy, thus resulting in the exponential distribution function. A consequence of the latter is the law of 1/3: the top 1/3 of the world population consumes 2/3 of produced energy. We also find similar results for the global probability distribution of CO2 emissions per capita.
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中文摘要:
我们使用美国能源信息管理局(EIA)1980-2010年的数据研究了全球人均能源消耗的概率分布。我们发现洛伦兹曲线在这段时间内有所上升,基尼系数G从1980年的0.66下降到2010年的0.55,表明不平等性有所下降。2010年全球人均能源消费的概率分布接近指数分布,G=0.5。我们将这一结果归因于世界经济的全球化,全球化将世界混合在一起,使世界更接近最大熵状态。我们认为,全球能源生产是一种有限的资源,由世界人口分配。最可能的分区是使熵最大化的分区,从而得到指数分布函数。后者的一个结果是1/3定律:世界人口的前1/3消耗生产能源的2/3。对于人均二氧化碳排放量的全球概率分布,我们也发现了类似的结果。
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分类信息:
一级分类:Physics 物理学
二级分类:Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
数据分析、统计与概率
分类描述:Methods, software and hardware for physics data analysis: data processing and storage; measurement methodology; statistical and mathematical aspects such as parametrization and uncertainties.
物理数据分析的方法、软硬件:数据处理与存储;测量方法;统计和数学方面,如参数化和不确定性。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Statistical Finance 统计金融
分类描述:Statistical, econometric and econophysics analyses with applications to financial markets and economic data
统计、计量经济学和经济物理学分析及其在金融市场和经济数据中的应用
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一级分类:Statistics 统计学
二级分类:Applications 应用程序
分类描述:Biology, Education, Epidemiology, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Medical, Physical Sciences, Quality Control, Social Sciences
生物学,教育学,流行病学,工程学,环境科学,医学,物理科学,质量控制,社会科学
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