英文标题：
《Relatedness, Knowledge Diffusion, and the Evolution of Bilateral Trade》
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作者：
Bogang Jun, Aamena Alshamsi, Jian Gao, Cesar A Hidalgo
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最新提交年份：
2017
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英文摘要：
  During the last decades two important contributions have reshaped our understanding of international trade. First, countries trade more with those with whom they share history, language, and culture, suggesting that trade is limited by information frictions. Second, countries are more likely to start exporting products that are similar to their current exports, suggesting that knowledge diffusion among related industries is a key constrain shaping the diversification of exports. But does knowledge about how to export to a destination also diffuses among related products and geographic neighbors? Do countries need to learn how to trade each product to each destination? Here, we use bilateral trade data from 2000 to 2015 to show that countries are more likely to increase their exports of a product to a destination when: (i) they export related products to it, (ii) they export the same product to the neighbor of a destination, (iii) they have neighbors who export the same product to that destination. Then, we explore the magnitude of these effects for new, nascent, and experienced exporters, (exporters with and without comparative advantage in a product) and also for groups of products with different level of technological sophistication. We find that the effects of product and geographic relatedness are stronger for new exporters, and also, that the effect of product relatedness is stronger for more technologically sophisticated products. These findings support the idea that international trade is shaped by information frictions that are reduced in the presence of related products and experienced geographic neighbors.
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中文摘要：
在过去几十年中，有20项重要贡献改变了我们对国际贸易的理解。首先，各国与那些有着共同历史、语言和文化的国家进行更多的贸易，这表明贸易受到信息摩擦的限制。其次，各国更有可能开始出口与其当前出口类似的产品，这表明相关行业之间的知识扩散是形成出口多样化的关键制约因素。但是，有关如何出口到目的地的知识是否也会在相关产品和地理邻国之间传播？各国是否需要学习如何将每种产品交易到每个目的地？在此，我们使用2000年至2015年的双边贸易数据表明，当：（i）国家向目的地出口相关产品，（ii）国家向目的地邻国出口相同产品，（iii）国家有向目的地出口相同产品的邻国时，国家更有可能增加其向目的地的产品出口。然后，我们探讨了这些影响对新的、新生的和有经验的出口商（有或没有产品比较优势的出口商）以及具有不同技术成熟度的产品组的影响程度。我们发现，对于新出口商，产品和地理关联性的影响更大，对于技术更复杂的产品，产品关联性的影响也更大。这些发现支持这样一种观点，即国际贸易是由信息摩擦形成的，在相关产品和有经验的地理邻居存在的情况下，信息摩擦会减少。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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