英文标题：
《Unfolding the complexity of the global value chain: Strengths and
  entropy in the single-layer, multiplex, and multi-layer international trade
  networks》
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作者：
Luiz G. A. Alves, Giuseppe Mangioni, Francisco A. Rodrigues, Pietro
  Panzarasa, and Yamir Moreno
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最新提交年份：
2018
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英文摘要：
  The worldwide trade network has been widely studied through different data sets and network representations with a view to better understanding interactions among countries and products. Here we investigate international trade through the lenses of the single-layer, multiplex, and multi-layer networks. We discuss differences among the three network frameworks in terms of their relative advantages in capturing salient topological features of trade. We draw on the World Input-Output Database to build the three networks. We then uncover sources of heterogeneity in the way strength is allocated among countries and transactions by computing the strength distribution and entropy in each network. Additionally, we trace how entropy evolved, and show how the observed peaks can be associated with the onset of the global economic downturn. Findings suggest how more complex representations of trade, such as the multi-layer network, enable us to disambiguate the distinct roles of intra- and cross-industry transactions in driving the evolution of entropy at a more aggregate level. We discuss our results and the implications of our comparative analysis of networks for research on international trade and other empirical domains across the natural and social sciences.
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中文摘要：
通过不同的数据集和网络表示，对全球贸易网络进行了广泛研究，以期更好地了解国家和产品之间的相互作用。在这里，我们通过单层、多层和多层网络的视角来研究国际贸易。我们讨论了三种网络框架在捕获贸易显著拓扑特征方面的相对优势。我们利用世界投入产出数据库来构建这三个网络。然后，我们通过计算每个网络中的强度分布和熵来揭示各国和交易之间的强度分配方式的异质性来源。此外，我们还追踪了熵是如何演化的，并展示了观察到的峰值是如何与全球经济衰退的开始相关联的。研究结果表明，更复杂的贸易表示，如多层网络，如何使我们能够消除行业内和跨行业交易在推动熵在更总体水平上演化的不同作用的歧义。我们将讨论我们的结果以及我们对网络的比较分析对国际贸易研究以及自然科学和社会科学其他实证领域的影响。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：General Finance        一般财务
分类描述：Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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