英文标题：
《A Review on Energy, Environmental, and Sustainability Implications of
  Connected and Automated Vehicles》
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作者：
Morteza Taiebat, Austin L. Brown, Hannah R. Safford, Shen Qu, Ming Xu
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最新提交年份：
2019
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英文摘要：
  Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are poised to reshape transportation and mobility by replacing humans as the driver and service provider. While the primary stated motivation for vehicle automation is to improve safety and convenience of road mobility, this transformation also provides a valuable opportunity to improve vehicle energy efficiency and reduce emissions in the transportation sector. Progress in vehicle efficiency and functionality, however, does not necessarily translate to net positive environmental outcomes. Here we examine the interactions between CAV technology and the environment at four levels of increasing complexity: vehicle, transportation system, urban system, and society. We find that environmental impacts come from CAV-facilitated transformations at all four levels, rather than from CAV technology directly. We anticipate net positive environmental impacts at the vehicle, transportation system, and urban system levels, but expect greater vehicle utilization and shifts in travel patterns at the society level to offset some of these benefits. Focusing on the vehicle-level improvements associated with CAV technology is likely to yield excessively optimistic estimates of environmental benefits. Future research and policy efforts should strive to clarify the extent and possible synergetic effects from a systems level in order to envisage and address concerns regarding the short- and long-term sustainable adoption of CAV technology.
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中文摘要：
互联和自动化车辆（CAV）将取代人类成为驾驶员和服务提供商，从而重塑交通和机动性。虽然车辆自动化的主要动机是提高道路机动的安全性和便利性，但这一转变也为提高车辆能效和减少运输部门的排放提供了宝贵的机会。然而，车辆效率和功能方面的进步并不一定会转化为净积极的环境成果。在这里，我们研究了CAV技术与环境在四个日益复杂的层次上的相互作用：车辆、交通系统、城市系统和社会。我们发现，环境影响来自CAV促进的所有四个层面的转变，而不是直接来自CAV技术。我们预计车辆、交通系统和城市系统层面的净积极环境影响，但预计社会层面的车辆利用率和出行模式的变化会更大，以抵消其中一些好处。将重点放在与CAV技术相关的车辆级改进上，可能会对环境效益产生过于乐观的估计。未来的研究和政策努力应努力从系统层面阐明协同效应的程度和可能的协同效应，以便设想和解决有关短期和长期可持续采用CAV技术的问题。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类：Computers and Society        计算机与社会
分类描述：Covers impact of computers on society, computer ethics, information technology and public policy, legal aspects of computing, computers and education. Roughly includes material in ACM Subject Classes K.0, K.2, K.3, K.4, K.5, and K.7.
涵盖计算机对社会的影响、计算机伦理、信息技术和公共政策、计算机的法律方面、计算机和教育。大致包括ACM学科类K.0、K.2、K.3、K.4、K.5和K.7中的材料。
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一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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