以下内容来自知乎作者：木瓜不木

drop if a2005==.|a2005==.d|a2005==.r //删除存在缺失值的数据
gen age=(2019-a2005+1)
label var age "年龄"
gen size1=1
bysort hhid:egen size=total(size1)  //根据家庭代码hhid，加总同一个hhid的个人数
drop size1
label variable size "家庭规模"

gen old=1 if age>60
gen child=1 if age<16
gen young=1 if age>=16&age<=60
bys hhid:egen old_num=total(old)
bys hhid:egen child_num=total(child)
bys hhid:egen labor_num=total(young)
drop old child young
label var old_num "老年人口（>60岁）"
label var child_num "少儿人口（<16）"
label var labor_num "劳动人口（>65&<16）"
gen child_ratio=child_num/size
gen old_ratio=old_num/size
label var child_ratio "少儿占比"
label var old_ratio "老年人占比"