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说的是同样的商品吧，短期内弹性小长期内弹性大，时间越长，越容易找到替代品或调整自己的消费习惯。

复制一段wikipedia的通俗解释：
Duration: for most goods, the longer a price change holds, the higher the elasticity is likely to be, as more and more consumers find they have the time and inclination to search for substitutes.[25][27] When fuel prices increase suddenly, for instance, consumers may still fill up their empty tanks in the short run, but when prices remain high over several years, more consumers will reduce their demand for fuel by switching to carpooling or public transportation, investing in vehicles with greater fuel economy or taking other measures. This does not hold for consumer durables such as the cars themselves, however; eventually, it may become necessary for consumers to replace their present cars, so one would expect demand to be less elastic.

"消费者的需求行为的调整时间越长"这句话应该理解为“给消费者调整的时间越长”！

消费者有更多时间寻求其他替代品。

人们对需求量的调节时间越长，可以更充分的了解此产品的变价原因，更有效的调整其需求量，越具有弹性。比如说我们日常吃的米，假如它那一天涨了好多，那我们不能不吃饭啊，最多饿个几天，能调节的时间很短，所以我们不久就又会去买米，所以米的需求价格弹性很小。反之，调整时间越长，需求就越具有弹性。不知道这么解释对不对。。。