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2011-10-10
There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.
  In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
  What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained are same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic  peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.
  Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent . The progress from a rattle  used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.

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2011-10-10 20:07:01
第一段:
历史上似乎从来没有一种文明没有玩具,但是玩具是什么时候、怎么发展起来的还不得而知。它们的出现似乎只是为了让孩子们有事可做。(纯原创)
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2011-10-10 20:17:06
第二段:
在远古世界,与现今一样,男孩和女孩儿玩不同的玩具。在社会角色分得很死板的社会,男孩跟着父亲的模式走,而女孩做母亲曾经做的工作。这是事实,因为即使是在戏剧中,男孩和女孩也都是在为进入成年人的世界,有他们的身份、承担他们的责任而做准备。
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