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2012-08-08
《自然》期刊揭露叶诗文奥运造假



图为《自然》杂志网站刊载质疑叶诗文文章的截图。


  当地时间,英国《自然》杂志网站英国《自然》期刊揭露叶诗文奥运造假,称其在伦敦奥运,游泳最后50米中表现统计数据造假,记录数据存在选择性,对兴奋剂尿检提出质疑,《自然》期刊揭露叶诗文的成绩‘反常’有一记录数据造假。


  当地时间8月1日,《自然》杂志网站发表题为《为什么奥运会上的卓越表现引发怀疑》的文章,该文作者尤恩·卡拉韦认为,叶诗文夺得伦敦奥运会女子400米个人混合泳金牌的卓越表现是“异常”的,即使当前的药检结果清白,也不能完全排除服用兴奋剂的可能。


  叶诗文表现“异常”来源数据比较,统计学典型目的选取数据。药检结果清白也不能排除服用兴奋剂,试图用科学的态度揭露叶的造假。


At the Olympics, how fast is too fast? That question has dogged Chinese swimmer Ye Shiwen after the 16-year-old shattered the world record in the women's 400-metre individual medley (400 IM) on Saturday. In the wake of that race, some swimming experts wondered whether Ye’s win was aided by performance-enhancing drugs. She has never tested positive for a banned substance and the International Olympic Committee on Tuesday declared that her post-race test was clean. The resulting debate has been tinged with racial and political undertones, but little science. Nature examines whether and how an athlete's performance history and the limits of human physiology could be used to catch dopers.

Was Ye’s performance anomalous?

Yes. Her time in the 400 IM was more than 7 seconds faster than her time in the same event at a major meet in July 2011. But what really raised eyebrows was her showing in the last 50 metres, which she swam faster than US swimmer Ryan Lochte did when he won gold in the men’s 400 IM on Saturday, with the second-fastest time ever for that event.



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2012-8-8 11:26:53


Was Ye’s performance anomalous?

Yes. Her time in the 400 IM was more than 7 seconds faster than her time in the same event at a major meet in July 2011. But what really raised eyebrows was her showing in the last 50 metres, which she swam faster than US swimmer Ryan Lochte did when he won gold in the men’s 400 IM on Saturday, with the second-fastest time ever for that event.



Doesn't a clean drug test during competition rule out the possibility of doping?

No, says Ross Tucker, an exercise physiologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. Athletes are much more likely to dope while in training, when drug testing tends to be less rigorous. “Everyone will pass at the Olympic games. Hardly anyone fails in competition testing,” Tucker says.



Related stories

Performance enhancement: Superhuman athletes

Science at the Olympics: Team science

Racing just to keep up

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Out-of-competition tests are more likely to catch dopers, he says, but it is not feasible to test every elite athlete regularly year-round. Tracking an athlete over time and flagging anomalous performances would help anti-doping authorities to make better use of resources, says Yorck Olaf Schumacher, an exercise physiologist at the Medical University of Freiburg in Germany, who co-authored a 2009 paper proposing that performance profiling be used as an anti-doping tool1. “I think it’s a good way and a cheap way to narrow down a large group of athletes to suspicious ones, because after all, the result of any doping is higher performance,” Schumacher says.



The ‘biological passport’, which measures characteristics of an athlete’s blood to look for physiological evidence of doping, works in a similar way to performance profiling (see 'Racing just to keep up'). After it was introduced in 2008, cycling authorities flagged irregularities in the blood characteristics of Antonio Colom, a Spanish cyclist, and targeted drug tests turned up evidence of the banned blood-boosting hormone erythropoietin (EPO) in 2009.

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2012-8-8 11:27:00
自然也发这样的论文啊。
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2012-8-8 11:59:01
自然筹划什么,把自己的学术品牌搞好就行了,到处干涉别人,没有了起码的独立性。
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2012-8-8 12:10:05
.........貌似中国正在崛起~~~
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2012-8-8 16:32:51
提示: 作者被禁止或删除 内容自动屏蔽
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