The ModelThe subjective wellbeing measures described above are ordinal variables meaning they can be rank ordered without implying specific distances between categories. In the case of Question 13 for example the implicit ordering is: Very Happy > Happy > Neutral > Unhappy > Very Unhappy, but we have no basis for inferring that the distance between say Very Happy and Happy is the same as between Unhappy and Very Unhappy.
In this particular study these categories have been coded in the survey as 1 (VH) through 5 (VU) so the "positive" relationship which typically occurs between happiness and say income is actually estimated as a negative relationship, a feature which needs to be born in mind in reading the regression results below.34
There have been several statistical models proposed to deal with ordered dependent variables (see for example the discussion in Hosmer and Lemeshow 1989). We have invoked the latent variable approach (McKelvey and Zovoina 1975).35 In the applications to follow, we focus on the significance and magnitude of the fitted coefficients but present the results in terms of the estimated probabilities (of different levels of Happiness for example) which we post-estimated from the fitted model. Our first application to the Quality of Life data is designed to allow us to explore the role of place indicators alone.
Place EffectsAs geographers our primary interest in the 2004 Qualify of Life survey has been in the role that place might have played in respondents' evaluation of their own subjective wellbeing. The question is whether people feel differently about their lives depending on where they live (other things being equal). At a personal level, the answer may seem obvious – of course place is important and even if the ideal location cannot be settled immediately, over time internal migration will remove the most persistent differences as we move to those places we think will maximise our wellbeing.
谢谢！谁能帮忙翻译下，不要软件的。
不过要是有谁能告诉我那里有http://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/social-policy-journal/spj31/31-subjective-wellbeing-and-the-city-pages74-103.html的中文版更好。或者有谁可以告诉那里有《居民生活质量影响因素》的外文文献。