tab命令做出百分比表格疑问

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收藏 2013-01-05

这个问题有点难，希望有高手能解答。
本人需要做一比较复杂一点的表格：多变量table，显示某个数据所占总体数据百分比，详细点说，我这些变量都是类别变量（蓝色），isco1d这个变量是这个问题中的主要变量，它的意义是欧盟对职业的划分（比如500代表Service workers and shop and market sales workers），所以当你tab了后就会知道每个职业占这个数据文件的百分比，而我就是要计算isco1d在一定划分和限制条件下占整个数据文件中的百分比。这些划分限制条件就是sex(M/F)， ftpt（full time/part time）， temp（permanent job/temporary job）, age_G(age group) 和refyear（year）。总的来说，我最想要的理想表格形式是这样的：

Year
isco1d		permanent job				temporary job
		FT		PT		FT		PT
		Age_Group A	Age_Group B	Age_Group A	Age_Group B	Age_Group A	Age_Group B	Age_Group A	Age_Group B
Male	A	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	B	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	C	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	D	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	E	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	F	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
Female	A	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	B	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	C	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	D	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	E	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%
	F	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%	isco1d%

可是往往事与愿违啊，如果有哪位高人能做出以上表格，小弟甘愿拜为其徒弟！！

所以目前唯一能符合本人需求的命令和方法有以下两个：

by refyear ftpt temp sex,sort: tabulate isco1d age_G [fw=coeff], row nofreq w
可是这个命令有两个缺陷，一是表格内的标签不能够显示完整，无法调整stata表格的宽度（特别是对变量标签的宽度）；二是大部分变量，比如 refyear ftpt temp sex 这四个分类变量被排除在表格外，本人实在很想把这四个类别变量列进表格。

于是乎就想到以下命令：
table isco1d age_G ftpt [fweight = coeff], by(sex) row center
可是以上命令又有2个缺陷，一是无法显示百分比（%）只能显示频数（freq）；二是变量标签依然无法按照自己要求变宽，导师变量标签显示一半就没了信息了。

有没有高人能够做到能让两个方法的缺陷都消失呢？特别是第二个，第二个table命令最符合我理想的图形，但是却无法显示百分比这点比较让我郁闷，听说这两个命令都没法改标签的长度（wide），所以那个标签名称不能完整显示的缺陷可能只能用代码来更改了。

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全部回复

arlionn

2013-1-5 11:43:32

我的笔记中有些新的命令，供参考。

*-类别变量列表分析

  *-一维表
fre: module to display one-way frequency table
      *-相对于 tabulate 命令而言, 结果的输出和追加比较方便

  *-二维表
help tabulate
      help tab2way // tabulate 的姊妹命令，呈现百分比
      sysuse nlsw88, clear
      tab    industry married
      tab2way industry married, cellpct nofreq
      *'TAB2WAY': module to handle two-way tables with percentages

  *-tabdisp  (非常灵活的命令)
help tabdisp
      sysuse auto, clear
      tabdisp foreign rep78, cell(mpg)

  *-tabm
help tabm
      sysuse nlsw88, clear
      tabm occu race married
Cox, N.J. and Kohler, U. 2003.
         On structure and shape: the case of multiple responses.  Stata
      Journal 3: 81-99.
Jann, B. 2005. Tabulation of multiple responses.  Stata Journal 5: 92-122.

  *-mrtab (非常强大的命令)
*-多元类别变量的统计和组间差异检验
      * mrgraph: to produce plots of multiple response distributions

  *-三维表
help tab3way

sysuse auto, clear
egen price_cat = cut(price), group(4)
tab3way price_cat rep78 foreign, rowpct colp format(%5.3f)

      egen weight_cat = cut(weight), group(2)
bysort weight_cat: tab3way price_cat rep78 foreign, allp allt usemiss
bysort weight_cat: tab3way price_cat rep78 foreign, allp usemiss

      sysuse nlsw88, clear
      tab3way union married race, rowpct format(%4.2f)
      bysort union married: tab3way

  *-列表绘图
sysuse auto, clear
egen meanprice = mean(price), by(foreign rep78)
tableplot rbar meanprice for rep78
tableplot rbar meanprice for rep78, showval(format(%4.0f))

      sysuse nlsw88, clear
      local v "married race"
      local v "industry race"
      egen av_wage = mean(wage), by(`v')
tableplot rbar av_wage `v'
      tableplot rbar av_wage `v', showval(format(%4.0f))

      *-Other commands:
      help tabplot
      tabl.  one-var tabulate with labels and numeric codes
      tabw Tabulating the counts of multiple categorical variables

*-New commands
  digdis -- Analysis of digit distributions

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2michael1

2013-1-5 22:21:10

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-5 11:43
我的笔记中有些新的命令，供参考。

*-类别变量列表分析

非常感谢连老师，tab3way很符合我的大部分要求，但是老师，另一个难题是关于标签的宽度，比如ISCO1D这个变量，500是标示“Service workers and shop and market sales workers”这么长名称的一个职业类别，当用tab3way的时候，他在表格的左边，它的名称不能完全显示出来，如下图：

ISCO1D	age	15-24	age 25-64	age	65-95	Total

Legislators, Senior O		10.12	87.71		2.17	100
Professionals		1.87	89.65		8.48	100
Technicians and Assoc		6.18	91.74		2.08	100
Clerks		4.09	95.91		0	100
Service workers and s		1.26	96.77		1.97	100
Skilled Agricultural		3.38	82.01		14.61	100
Craft and related tra		25.33	74.67		0	100
Plant and machine ope		0	100		0	100
Elementary occupation		0	92.72		7.28	100

Total		4.2	88.57		7.23	100

左边的名称不能完全显示出来，有没有命令可以增加左边标签的宽度呢？？由于后面有一个ISCO3D的变量，其职业划分达到144个，如果只是显示数字的方法会非常麻烦，所以学生需要保留名称的完整显示，请问老师有没有这类的

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arlionn

2013-1-5 22:40:56

如果是屏幕显示必然会面临你提到的这个问题。
我建议你采用 logout 命令输出到 excel 表格中，可以采用 fix(#) 选项来控制输出的敏感度。

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2michael1

2013-1-5 23:51:16

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-5 22:40
如果是屏幕显示必然会面临你提到的这个问题。
我建议你采用 logout 命令输出到 excel 表格中，可以采用 fi ...

谢谢连老师，但是随之而来的有2个问题，我使用的命令是这样的：
logout,save(mylogout) excel replace fix(3):tab3way isco1d age_G sex[fw=coeff], rowpct colp format(%5.3f)
您在课中说fix（3）是最好的，我不清楚里面的3代表什么意思。

但是生成的是xml格式的文件而不是excel的xlsx格式的文件，用excel打不开。如果我把excel改为word，生成的word文件是可以生成，但是，左边那一列变量依然是无法完全显示出标签全名。

请求连老师帮助！

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2michael1

2013-1-6 00:05:40

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-5 22:40
如果是屏幕显示必然会面临你提到的这个问题。
我建议你采用 logout 命令输出到 excel 表格中，可以采用 fi ...

连老师，感谢您的回复，我刚用了一个命令简单：
logout,save(C:\Users\Desktop\log) word replace fix(32):tabulate isco1d age_G, row nofreq
然后结果如下：

Occupation (ISCO at 1
digit level, deliver
ed as 3-digit variabl	RECODE of age (Age of interviewed person)
e to distinguish	age 0-14 age 15-24 age 25-64 age 65-95

Armed Forces	0.00 16.54 83.37 0.09
Legislators, Senior O	0.00 2.94 95.45 1.61
Professionals	0.00 3.28 95.24 1.48
Technicians and Assoc	0.00 12.26 86.97 0.77
Clerks	0.00 14.73 84.89 0.38
Service workers and s	0.00 22.14 77.21 0.65
Skilled Agricultural	0.00 5.77 85.48 8.75
Craft and related tra	0.00 26.74 72.95 0.31
Plant and machine ope	0.00 8.71 90.93 0.36
Elementary occupation	0.00 7.60 91.22 1.18
Not applicable (WSTAT	31.47 10.92 28.58 29.03
.	0.00 20.34 77.97 1.69

Total	16.98 12.19 54.61 16.23

smcl

最后还是没能把左边的那一列标签完全显示出来（被截了1/3）左右，比在结果窗口好一点点，请教老师，有没有任何办法能完全显示左边那一列标签呢？发现fix（32）是最大值，再大的表格右边的数据全都没了。学生实在找不到任何办法解决这个问题了！求老师帮助！

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arlionn

2013-1-6 10:15:37

看来只能多增加一个步骤了。
第一步，用 logout 输出表格，最左边一列输出变量名称，而非标签。
第二步，使用 des 命令呈现变量名称和对应的标签，然后把标签那一列贴入第一步中对应的变量列。

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2michael1

2013-1-6 23:35:38

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-6 10:15
看来只能多增加一个步骤了。
第一步，用 logout 输出表格，最左边一列输出变量名称，而非标签。
第二步， ...

请连老师说具体点可以吗？具体命令是怎么写的呢？学生不懂~求助！下面是isco1d，isco3d和nace1d三个职业划分变量的数字文字对应表：isco1d
0 Armed Forces
100 Legislators, Senior Officials&Managers
200 Professionals
300 Technicians&Associate Professionals
400 Clerks
500 Service workers&shop&market sales workers
600 Skilled Agricultural&fishery workers
700 Craft&related trades workers
800 Plant&machine operators&assemblers
900 Elementary occupations
999 Not applicable (WSTATOR=3-5,9)

isco3d
10 Armed forces
100 Armed Forces
110 Legislators and Senior Officials
111 Legislators
112 Senior government officials
113 Traditional chiefs and heads of villages
114 Senior officials of special-interest organisations
120 Corporate Managers
121 Directors and chief executives
122 Production and operations department managers
123 Other department managers
130 Managers of Small Enterprises
131 General managers
210 Physics, mathematical and engineering science professionals
211 Physicists, chemists and related professionals
212 Mathematicians, statisticians and related professionals
213 Computing professionals
214 Architects, engineers and related professionals
220 Life science and health professionals
221 Life science professionals
222 Health professionals (except nursing)
223 Nursing and midwifery professionals
230 Teaching professionals
231 College, university and higher education teaching profession
232 Secondary education teaching professionals
233 Primary and pre-primary education teaching professionals
234 Special education teaching professionals
235 Other teaching professionals
240 Other professionals
241 Business professionals
242 Legal professionals
243 Archivists, librarians and related information professionals
244 Social science and related professionals
245 Writers and creative or performing artists
246 Religious professionals
310 Physical and engineering science associate professionals
311 Physical and engineering science technicians
312 Computer associate professionals
313 Optical and electronic equipment operators
314 Ship and aircraft controllers and technicians
315 Safety and quality inspectors
320 Life science and health associate professionals
321 Life science technicians and related associate professionals
322 Modern health associate professionals (except nursing)
323 Nursing and midwifery associate professionals
324 Traditional medicine practitioners and faith healers
330 Teaching associate professionals
331 Primary education teaching associate professionals
332 Pre-primary education teaching associate professionals
333 Special education teaching associate professionals
334 Other teaching associate professionals
340 Other associate professionals
341 Finance and sales associate professionals
342 Business services agents and trade brokers
343 Administrative associate professionals
344 Customs, tax and related government associate professionals
345 Police inspectors and detectives
346 Social work associate professionals
347 Artistic, entertainment and sports associate professionals
348 Religious associate professionals
410 Office clerks
411 Secretaries and keyboard-operating clerks
412 Numerical clerks
413 Material-recording and transport clerks
414 Library, mail and related clerks
419 Other office clerks
420 Customer services clerks
421 Cashiers, tellers and related clerks
422 Client information clerks
510 Personal and protective services workers
511 Travel attendants and related workers
512 Housekeeping and restaurant services workers
513 Personal care and related workers
514 Other personal services workers
515 Astrologers, fortune-tellers and related workers
516 Protective services workers
520 Models, salespersons and demonstrators
521 Fashion and other models
522 Shop salespersons and demonstrators
523 Stall and market salespersons
610 Skilled agricultural and fishery workers
611 Market gardeners and crop growers
612 Market-oriented animal producers and related workers
613 Market-oriented crop and animal producers
614 Forestry and related workers
615 Fishery workers, hunters and trappers
621 Subsistence agricultural and fishery workers
710 Extraction and building trades workers
711 Miners, shotfirers, stone cutters and carvers
712 Building frame and related trades workers
713 Building finishers and related trades workers
714 Painters, building structure cleaners and related trades wor
720 Metal, machinery and related trades workers
721 Metal moulders etc and related trades workers
722 Blacksmiths, tool-makers and related trades workers
723 Machinery mechanics and fitters
724 Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics and fitters
730 Precision,handicraft,craft printing & related trades workers
731 Precision workers in metal and related materials
732 Potters, glass-makers and related trades workers
733 Handicraft workers in wood,textile, leather and related mate
734 Printing and related trades workers
740 Other craft and related trades workers
741 Food processing and related trades workers
742 Wood treaters, cabinet-makers and related trades workers
743 Textile, garment and related trades workers
744 Pelt, leather and shoemaking trades workers
810 Stationary plant and related operators
811 Mining- and mineral-processing-plant operators
812 Metal-processing-plant operators
813 Glass, ceramics and related plant operators
814 Wood-processing- and papermaking-plant operators
815 Chemical-processing-plant operators
816 Power-production and related plant operators
817 Automated-assembly-line and industrial-robot operators
820 Machine operators and assemblers
821 Metal- and mineral-products machine operators
822 Chemical-products machine operators
823 Rubber- and plastic-products machine operators
824 Wood-products machine operators
825 Printing-, binding- and paper-products machine operators
826 Textile-, fur- and leather-products machine operators
827 Food and related products machine operators
828 Assemblers
829 Other machine operators and assemblers
830 Drivers and mobile plant operators
831 Locomotive-engine drivers and related workers
832 Motor-vehicle drivers
833 Agricultural and other mobile-plant operators
834 Ships' deck crews and related workers
910 Sales and services elementary occupations
911 Street vendors and related workers
912 Shoe cleaning and other street services elementary occupatio
913 Domestic and related helpers, cleaners and launderers
914 Building caretakers, window and related cleaners
915 Messengers, porters, doorkeepers and related workers
916 Garbage collectors and related labourers
920 Agricultural, fishery and related labourers
921 Agricultural, fishery and related labourers
930 Labourers in mining, construction, manufacturing & transport
931 Mining and construction labourers
932 Manufacturing labourers
933 Transport labourers and freight handlers
999 Not applicable
1000 .
1001 11
1002 247
1003 300
1004 800
1005 Health professionals(except nursing)
1006 Modern health associate professionals(except nursing)

nace1d
1 .
2 9
3 Accommodation and food service activities
4 Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies
5 Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of
households for own use
6 Administrative and support service activities
7 Agriculture, forestry and fishing
8 Arts, entertainment and recreation
9 Construction
10 Education
11 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply
12 Financial and insurance activities
13 Human health and social work activities
14 Information and communication
15 Manufacturing
16 Mining and quarrying
17 Other service activities
18 Professional, scientific and technical activities
19 Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
20 Real estate activities
21 Transportation and storage
22 Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
23 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

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2michael1

2013-1-6 23:40:03

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-6 10:15
看来只能多增加一个步骤了。
第一步，用 logout 输出表格，最左边一列输出变量名称，而非标签。
第二步， ...

连老师，您的意思是，用logout输出表格到word文档，然后再用labelbook列出变量数字文字对应表，把其中的变量标签复制替代logout出来的表格左列吗？
学生也想这样做，可是问题在于用logout无法生成excel的xlsx结尾的excel格式文档，只能生成xml的格式，这种格式excel打不开哦老师，该咋办？

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2michael1

2013-1-6 23:44:54

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-5 22:40
如果是屏幕显示必然会面临你提到的这个问题。
我建议你采用 logout 命令输出到 excel 表格中，可以采用 fi ...

老师，您说的，“用 logout 输出表格，最左边一列输出变量名称，而非标签”这个命令该怎么操作呢？

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arlionn

2013-1-7 09:26:29

如下几个选项或许有帮助：
wrap do not wrap wide tables
nolabel display numeric codes rather than value labels

至于你提到 logout 无法输出的 xml 格式文件无法用 excel 打开的问题，我认为可能与你使用的 office 软件版本或者安装位置有关系。
我的 office 安装于：C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office12
可以正常打开 xml 文件。

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2michael1

2013-1-7 18:03:15

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-7 09:26
如下几个选项或许有帮助：
wrap do not wrap wide tables
nolabel ...

连老师您好，xml格式可以打开了，当时打不开是因为我一次过在表格存储太多信息，用的命令是：
*nace1d
logout,save(D:\Out\AT_nace1d) excel fix(32) replace:
labelbook nace1d
ta nace1d, nol
labelbook age_G
ta age_G,nol
bysort refyear ftpt temp sex: tabulate nace1d age_G [fw=coeff], row nofreq w
bysort refyear ftpt temp sex: tabulate nace1d age_G [fw=coeff], row nofreq w nol

结果发现一次只能执行一个命令：
logout,save(D:\Out\AT_nace1d) excel fix(32) replace: bysort refyear ftpt temp sex: tabulate nace1d age_G [fw=coeff], row nofreq w

可是老师，这个方法是在有点太复杂和重复了，有没有别的办法能节省时间和便捷步骤呢？

万分感谢！

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2michael1

2013-1-7 18:11:40

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-7 09:26
如下几个选项或许有帮助：
wrap do not wrap wide tables
nolabel ...

我有十几个变量，每个变量有10年数据，目前我只能使用：
bysort refyear ftpt temp sex: tabulate nace1d age_G [fw=coeff], row nofreq w这就会导致结果会出现很多，一个个手动复制粘贴的话工作量非常大。本来如果使用tab3way这个命令能让结果呈现比以上的命令更简洁，但是我使用tab3way或者tab2way这个命令的话，如果不加 "bysort refyear ftpt temp :" 这个命令的话，STATA能计算出结果，但是如果加上这个前缀命令，STATA12就无法算出结果，我的命令是这样的：
bysort refyear ftpt temp :tab3way isco1d age_G sex[fw=coeff], rowpct colp format(%5.3f)
输入后，STATA12就一直在计算计算，一直到3个小时候也没出结果，用的是STATA12最新版本，是正版不是盗版。这个问题让我很纠结。。。
学生的最终目的是需要的是做出一个表格，能显示每年不同职业划分在不同性别，不同年龄阶段和职业合同的永久/非永久的划分下这个数据库所占据的百分比而已，咋就这么难呢。。。老师能不能把tab出来的数值用矩阵方法保存下来，然后自己做一个矩阵？如果可以，具体方法是怎样呢？
求助连老师！

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arlionn

2013-1-7 20:05:46

矩阵肯定是可以的，但可能需要花很多时间来写命令才能保证输出的结果符合你的要求。
其实很多工作都可以写程序完成，也可以手动完成，最终到底选择哪一个，就只能根据你自己的基础和能力来 trade off 了。
对于这种比较特殊，日后可能很少使用的表格，我建议还是“简单的命令+繁琐的手动操作”来完成吧。

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2michael1

2013-1-8 01:01:36

arlionn 发表于 2013-1-7 20:05
矩阵肯定是可以的，但可能需要花很多时间来写命令才能保证输出的结果符合你的要求。
其实很多工作都可以写 ...

好吧，谢谢老师。

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