债转股 debt-to-equity swap
港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar

坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan

反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against ……

通货紧缩 deflation

通货膨胀 inflation

非配额产品 quota-free products

非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects

风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment

风险基金 venture capital

风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk

搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises

规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale

国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives

国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment

国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment

国家补贴 public subsidies

国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves

合理引导消费 guide rational consumption

季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments
既成事实 established/accomplished facts
技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug
企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises
企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
放松银根 ease monetary policy　 流动人口　 floating population　
企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
贪图安逸　 crave comfort and pleasure　 消费膨胀　 inflated consumption　
信息化　 informationize　 无氟冰箱　 freon-free refrigerator　
无纸交易　 paperless transaction　
适销对路的产品　 readily marketable products　 倒爷　 profiteer　
机构臃肿　 overstaffing in (government) organizations
机构重叠　 organizational overlapping　
利改税　 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
经常性的财政收入　 regular revenues　
慢性萧条　 chronic depression　
双重轨制　 two-tier system / double-track system　
就业前培训　 pre-job training　
岗位培训　 on-the-job training　
对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
劳务合作 labor service cooperation
外援方式　 modality of foreign aid
自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
所有制形式 forms of ownership
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
<<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
部长级会议 ministerial meeting
公正合理 equitable and rational
抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities
减免债务 reduce and cancel debts
工程项目 engineering project
同步增长 increase in the same pace
摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress
工业增加值 industrial added value
固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets
建材 building materials
累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
配件 accessories
备件 spare parts
进口环节税 import linkage tax
营业税 turnover tax
企业所得税 corporate income tax
抵免 offset
省会 provincial capital
直辖市 municipality directly under the central government
龙头产品 flagship product
现代企业制度 modern corporate system
实行股份制 enforce stockholding system
控股公司 holding company
自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
清理、修订 screen and modify
水利 water conservation
转化经营机制 change the method of operation
中介服务组织 intermediary service organization
军民两用品出口 dual purpose exports
军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology
北美自由贸易区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area　
全球配额 global quota
祖父条款 grandfather clause
动物源食品 Animal-derived food
部门提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
贸易和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
国际清算 international settlement
商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction
广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
资本项目 capital account 经常项目 current account
求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground
防伪标志 anti-fake label
出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry
盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets
竟价投标 competitive bidding 协议投标 negotiated bidding
横向兼并 horizontal merger 垂直兼并 vertical merger
垃圾融资 junk financing 货币市场 money market
申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system
船务公司 shipping service company
非商标(非专利)产品 generic products
稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy　
超前消费 deficit spending
(到银行)挤兑 run on banks
对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture
特种债券 special bonds
富裕经济 economy of abundance
年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism)
视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand) 音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
市场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access
亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council
亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum
亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
中央处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
互联网普及率 Internet Penetration
网民 Cyber Citizen 网络犯罪 Cyber Crime 网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City
数字鸿沟 Digital Divide 智能学校 Smart Schools
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
软件开发 Software Development 内容开发 Content Development
数字化商业 Digital Business
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
软件包 Software Packages
申请注册域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
虚拟空间 Virtual Space 局域网 Intranet 脑图 Mind Map
便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
掌上电脑 Palm Computer 路由器 Router
网络管理员 Network Administrator 网络经济 Cyber Economy
以太网 Ethernet 服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
网络计算机 NC: Network Computer 兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
虚拟现实 VR：Virtual Reality
原始设备制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
乐器数字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface
运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
域名 Domain Name
拨号连接 Dial-up Connection

海关类

Customs Bond 海关担保
Surety Company 担保公司
Principle 本人
Carrier 承运人
Attorney 代理人/委托人
Freight Forwarder 货运代理
Jointly and Severally Liable For 负连带责任
Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿金
Solvency 偿付能力
Security 抵押品/保证金
Power of Attorney 委托书
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编
Bill of Lading 提单
Condemned Goods 有问题的货物
Customs Liquidation 清关
Customs Clearance 结关
Court Costs 诉讼费用
Disposition of Merchandise 货物处置

世贸相关词汇

关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

世界贸易组织 WTO (World Trade Organization)

乌拉圭回合 Uruguay Round

最惠国贸易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)

争端解决机构 Dispute Settlement Body

《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》
DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)

动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )

（农产品）综合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)

(《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)

《纺织品与服装协议》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)

《服务贸易总协定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)

《信息技术协议》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)

《多种纤维协定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)

《北美自由贸易协定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)

东盟自由贸易区 ASEAN Free Trade Area

东部和南部非洲共同市场 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)

南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)

南亚区域合作联盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)

贸易与发展委员会 Committee on Trade and Development

贸易与环境委员会 Committee on Trade and Environment

欧洲自由贸易联盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)

联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)

国际贸易中心 ITC (International Trade Center)

国际贸易组织 ITO (International Trade Organization)

国际贸易组织临时委员会 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)

国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)

国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)

国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)

经济合作与发展组织 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)

联合国贸易与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)

联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)

联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)

世界海关组织 WCO (World Customs Organization)

世界知识产权组织 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)

（补贴协议）可诉补贴 Actionable subsidy

（农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施 Amber Box measures

(解决争端)上诉 Appeal

上诉机构 Appeal body

《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定） Basel Convention

《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约） Berne Convention

基础税率 Base tariff level

（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions

国际收支条款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions

既定日程 Built-in agenda

约束水平 Bound level

食品法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)

（欧盟）共同农业政策 Common Agriculture Policy

《生物多样性公约》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)

规避 Circumvention

《濒危物种国际贸易公约》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

（服务贸易）商业存在 Commercial presence

（服务贸易）境外消费 Consumption abroad

（服务贸易）跨境交付 Cross border supply

(解决争端)申诉方 Complaint

(解决争端)被诉方 Defendant

反补贴税 Countervailing duty

反向通知 Counter-notification

交叉报复 Cross retaliation

货币贸易理事会 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)

货币留成制度 Currency retention scheme

海关完税价值 Customs value

海关估价 Customs valuation

直接支付 Direct payment

国内产业 Domestic industry

国内生产 Domestic production

国内补贴 Domestic subsidy

(农产品)国内支持Domestic support

电子商务 Electronic Commerce

环保型技术 EST(Environmentally-sound technology)

采取措施前 Ex ante

采取措施后 Ex post

出口实绩 Export performance

出口补贴 Export subsidy

（解决争端）调查结果 Findings

粮食安全 Food security

免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家) Free-rider

（知识产权）地理标识 Geographical indications

转基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)

政府采购 Government procurement

（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施 Green Box measures

灰色区域措施 Grey area measures

拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团 GRULAC

WTO最不发达国家高级别会议 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)

协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)

《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册） Lisbon Agreement

国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)

国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)

进口押金 Import deposits

进口许可 Import licensing

进口渗透 Import penetration

进口替代 Import substitution

进口附加税 Import surcharge

进口差价税 Import variable duties
最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程 Integration process
国际兽疫组织 International Office of Epizootics
知识产权 IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
国际纺织品服装局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
产品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
最不发达国家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
许可费 License fee
同类产品 Like product
当地含量 Local content
市场准入 Market access
专门的营销机构 Market boards
实质损害 Material injury
模式 Modalities
配额调整条款 modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) Montreal Protocol
(农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality
(服务贸易)自然人 National Person
国民待遇 National treatment
新议题 New issues
通知义务 Notification obligation
(利益的)丧失和减损 Nullification and impairment
有秩序的市场安排 Orderly market arrangements
(争端解决)专家组 Panel
《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) Paris Convention
(《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款 Peace clause
诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement
(服务贸易)自然人流动 Presence of natural person
生产补贴 Production subsidy