大家好！

看了很多论文，其中都涉及到了两个相对的词：ex post和ex ante。虽然也百度，google过，看过对其的解释，但是结合论文往往还是不能很好的理解。比如，最近的一篇论文中写道：

"For example, a worker whol faces attractive job prospects may focus more on the consumption benefit than on the effort cost of work, and hence agree to working too much. And in ex ante choices where - such as when preparing for a marathon or working for a large bonus that the person evaluates as a separate attribute -- a sequence of sacrifices leads to a single large and hence attention-grabbing goal, our theory predicts 'future bias' in ex ante choices, and says that the ex post choice better reflects welfare: Since a single day's work cannot affect the bonus by much, in ex post choice the agent does not focus on the bonus too much."

已经被这两个词折磨了好久了，但是在论文中见到的频率很高，所以决心要弄清楚一下。希望大家不惜赐教。
谢谢啦。