英文文献：Rankings and university performance: a conditional multidimensional approach-排名和大学表现:一个有条件的多维方法
英文文献作者：Cinzia Daraio,Andrea Bonaccorsi,Leopold Simar
英文文献摘要：
University rankings are the subject of a paradox: the more they are criticized by social scientists and experts on methodological grounds, the more they receive attention in policy making and the media. In this paper we attempt to give a contribution to the birth of a new generation of rankings, one that might improve on the current state of the art, by integrating new kind of information and using new ranking techniques. Our approach tries to overcome four main criticisms of university rankings, namely: monodimensionality; statistical robustness; dependence on university size and subject mix; lack of consideration of the input-output structure. We provide an illustration on European universities and conclude by pointing on the importance of investing in data integration and open data at European level both for research and for policy making.

大学排名是一个矛盾的主题:社会科学家和专家越是以方法为依据批评大学排名，大学排名就越受到政策制定和媒体的关注。在本文中，我们试图通过整合新的信息和使用新的排名技术，为新一代排名的诞生做出贡献。我们的方法试图克服对大学排名的四个主要批评，即:单一性;统计的鲁棒性;大学规模与学科组合的依赖性;缺乏对投入产出结构的考虑。我们提供了一个关于欧洲大学的例子，并通过指出在欧洲层面上对研究和政策制定的数据整合和开放数据进行投资的重要性来总结。