英文文献：FDI and Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria-FDI与经济增长:来自尼日利亚的证据
英文文献作者：Adeolu B. Ayanwale
英文文献摘要：
Most countries strive to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) because of its acknowledged advantages as a tool of economic development. Africa – and Nigeria in particular – joined the rest of the world in seeking FDI as evidenced by the formation of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), which has the attraction of foreign investment to Africa as a major component. This study investigated the empirical relationship between non-extractive FDI and economic growth in Nigeria and examined the determinants of FDI into the Nigerian economy. Secondary data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, International Monetary Fund and the Federal Office of Statistics. The period of analysis was 1970– 2002. An augmented growth model was estimated via the ordinary least squares and the 2SLS method to ascertain the relationship between the FDI, its components and economic growth. Results suggest that the determinants of FDI in Nigeria are market size, infrastructure development and stable macroeconomic policy. Openness to trade and available human capital, however, are not FDI inducing. FDI in Nigeria contributes positively to economic growth. Although the overall effect of FDI on economic growth may not be significant, the components of FDI do have a positive impact. The FDI in the communication sector has the highest potential to grow the economy and is in multiples of that of the oil sector. The manufacturing sector FDI negatively affects the economy, reflecting the poor business environment in the country. The level of available human capital is low and there is need for more emphasis on training to enhance its potential to contribute to economic growth.

大多数国家努力吸引外国直接投资，因为外国直接投资作为经济发展工具具有公认的优势。非洲- -特别是尼日利亚- -同世界其他国家一起寻求外国直接投资，非洲发展新伙伴关系(新伙伴关系)的形成证明了这一点，该伙伴关系作为吸引外国投资的一个主要组成部分吸引了非洲。本研究调查了尼日利亚非采掘性FDI和经济增长之间的实证关系，并考察了FDI进入尼日利亚经济的决定因素。次要数据来自尼日利亚央行、国际货币基金组织和联邦统计局。分析的时间是1970 - 2002年。利用普通最小二乘法和2SLS方法估计了一个增广增长模型，以确定FDI及其组成部分与经济增长之间的关系。结果表明，尼日利亚外商直接投资的决定因素是市场规模、基础设施发展和稳定的宏观经济政策。然而，开放贸易和可利用的人力资本并不能吸引外国直接投资。尼日利亚的外国直接投资对经济增长作出了积极贡献。虽然FDI对经济增长的整体影响可能不显著，但FDI的组成部分确实具有积极的影响。通讯部门的外国直接投资对经济增长的潜力最大，是石油部门的好几倍。制造业部门的外国直接投资对经济产生了负面影响，反映了该国糟糕的商业环境。现有人力资本水平低，需要更加强调培训，以提高其促进经济增长的潜力。