<h1><font color="#ff0000" size="4">Search good<br/></font><font size="3"></font></h1><h1><font size="3"><font color="#0033ff">From Wikipedia</font><br/></font></h1><h1><font size="3">In economics, a search good is a product or service with features and characteristics easily evaluated before purchase. In a distinction originally due to Philip Nelson, a search good is contrasted with an experience good.</font></h1><h1><font size="3">Search goods are more subject to price competition, as consumers can easily verify the price of the product at other outlets and make sure that the products are comparable. Branding and detailed product specifications act to transform a product from an experience good into a search good.<br/></font></h1><div id="bodyContent"><p></p></div>

<p>谢谢。</p><p></p>

<p>1、在Tirole的《产业组织理论》里有讲。其中按照商品特性（如质量特性）与信息的关系，将商品分为：search goods, experience goods, credence goods。search goods指买方在购买前即清楚该其特性的商品，experience goods指购买后才（且能）清楚该其特性的商品，而credence goods指即使购买后也无法清楚其特性的商品。</p><p>现实中由于一种商品往往具有多重特性，这些特性可能分别是上述三类之一。</p><p>当然也如楼上所说，在动态环境下，某类特性可能转化为另一类。</p><p>2、对于既定的search goods而言，因为商品的特性已为透明公开，所以厂商的选择变量只是通常的价格（或产量），这时多产品厂商的问题仅仅是商品的选择问题；但对于experience goods而言，信息成为新的题，其可能引起逆向选择和道德风险问题。</p>

谢谢，我正是学的tirole的书。

<p>&nbsp;今偶然看到某PPT上有段这样的话~</p><p></p><div class="O" vshape="_x0000_s1026"><div style="mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1;"><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Comic Sans MS';"><b>商品的类型 </b></span></div><div style="mso-char-wrap: 1; mso-kinsoku-overflow: 1; mso-line-spacing: '100 50 0';">&nbsp;<div class="O" vshape="_x0000_s1026"><div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 65 0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 360;"><span style="%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; text-shadow: auto;"><span style="LEFT: -5.77%; COLOR: #ff3300; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet;">n</span></span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;"><b>搜寻品</b></span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">（search goods)。消费者在购买之前通过观察检验就</span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">可以判断质量，如哑铃、家具、计算机等。 </span></div><div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 65 0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 360;"><span style="%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; text-shadow: auto;"><span style="LEFT: -5.77%; COLOR: #ff3300; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet;">n</span></span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;"><b>经验品（</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">experience goods)。消费者必须通过消费才能判断</span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">其质量，如罐头食品、餐馆等。 </span></div><div style="mso-line-spacing: '100 65 0'; mso-margin-left-alt: 360;"><span style="%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; text-shadow: auto;"><span style="LEFT: -5.77%; COLOR: #ff3300; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; POSITION: absolute; mso-special-format: bullet;">n</span></span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;"><b>信用品</b></span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">（credence goods)。消费者在消费之后的短时间内也</span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">难以判断其质量，例如牙膏中的含氟物质、矿泉水的矿物质</span><span style="; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-ascii-font-family: 黑体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-shadow: auto;">含量、医生和律师的服务等。</span></div></div></div></div>