英文文献：The Illusion And Reality Of Real Estate Development And The Use Of Construction Material The Case Of Addis Ababa-房地产开发的幻想和现实以及建筑材料的使用就以亚的斯亚贝巴为例
英文文献作者：Sisay Zenebe
英文文献摘要：
PURPOSE: the paper is intended to explore and examine the rate of development in real estate and its effect on utilization of building materials the case of Addis Ababa. The paper is prepared to initiate academic and policy debate in the area of construction material manufacturing, utilization and its linkage to the economy of developing countries in general. The rapid development in construction sector in Addis Ababa significantly altered the manufacturing of construction material. The construction of highrise building, the building permit regulation and rising land market have significantly changed the local building material usage and the construction technology in Addis Ababa. The government of Ethiopia has responded construction boom in the country by providing and promoting an exemption of import duties on building material. Given the levels of construction in the city, there remains much more scope for using increasing locally produced building materials efficiently – in terms of benefits from construction boom, rapid economic development and urbanization.DESIGN / METHODS FOLLOWED/ APPROACH: The paper uses secondary data on the quantity of construction materials that the building construction completed and handled to the client. The buildings constructed in the last five years were considered in the study. The official data for local materials produced and the import of construction materials was collected from the Central Statistical Office and Custom. Five different building with different functions and types were purposively selected for the study assuming different construction needs and quantity and the heights of the buildings.FINDING: The research finding will be the main topics of discussion for policy dialogue. The change in building constructed in Ethiopia has increased the use of imported materials. The policy of the government has considerably supported the importation of building materials other than creating local capacity. If such materials are produced locally the construction sector as well as building material manufacturing could contribute increasingly greater economic opportunities.RESEARCH LIMITATIONS: The research is limited construction of buildings greater than five floors, the empirical finding refers only the sampled buildings, the decomposition of local and import building is based on professional assessments.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The paper could provide policy impulse in the rethinking of the construction material manufacturing sector, exemption of import duties, import substitution strategy and the policy towards construction sector in general. The amalgamation of the mass of building material creates as “Building”. If one consider transporting such a mass to that specific site one can simply judge how much cost is devoted to building materials and transport.ORIGINALITY: There is no much work done in area of the economic significant of building materials in developing countries. The manufacturing sector is well developed elsewhere in developed countries and no need for import of such bulk materials. The case study is conducted on actual information and validity is checked with the certificated of construction.

目的:本文旨在以亚的斯亚贝巴为例，探讨和检验房地产发展速度及其对建筑材料利用的影响。这份文件是为了在建筑材料制造、利用及其与一般发展中国家经济的联系方面展开学术和政策辩论。亚的斯亚贝巴建筑部门的迅速发展大大改变了建筑材料的制造。高层建筑的建造、建筑许可证的规定和不断增长的土地市场极大地改变了亚的斯亚贝巴当地建筑材料的使用和建筑技术。埃塞俄比亚的政府公司通过提供并推动对建筑材料免征进口关税来应对该国的建筑热潮。考虑到香港的建筑水平，从建筑业繁荣、经济快速发展和城市化带来的好处来看，有效使用日益增多的本地生产的建筑材料还有很大的空间。设计/方法遵循/方法:该论文使用了关于建筑施工完成和交付给客户的建筑材料数量的二手数据。研究考虑了过去五年建造的建筑物。当地生产的材料和进口的建筑材料的官方数据是从中央统计局和海关收集的。本研究有针对性地选择了五个不同功能和类型的建筑，分别承担不同的建筑需求、数量和高度。发现:研究发现将成为政策对话的主要讨论话题。埃塞俄比亚建筑的变化增加了对进口材料的使用。政府政策大大支持了建筑材料的进口，而不是创造当地能力。如果这些材料是在当地生产的，建筑部门和建筑材料制造可以创造越来越大的经济机会。研究局限性:本研究限于建设5层以上的建筑，实证发现仅参考抽样建筑，本地和进口建筑的分解基于专业评估。实践启示:本文对我国建材制造业的反思、进口关税的免除、进口替代战略以及对建筑业的总体政策提供了政策推动力。大量的建筑材料的融合创造了“建筑”。如果有人考虑把这么大的质量运送到那个特定的地点，人们可以简单地判断在建筑材料和运输上投入了多少成本。创新:发展中国家在建筑材料的经济重要性方面没有做太多的工作。发达国家的制造业很发达，不需要进口这类大宗原料。对实际资料进行案例分析，并与施工证明进行有效性检验。