Information economics:
Akerlof, G. (1970), “The Market for Lemons: Quality and the Market Mechanism,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 84: 488-500.
Spence, A. M. (1973), “Job Market Signaling,” Quarterly Journal of Economics.
Crawford, V., and J. Sobel (1982), “Strategic Information Transmission,” Econometrica 50: 1431-51.