[下载]经济增长理论模型的内生化历程

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收藏 2008-08-19

经济增长理论模型的内生化历程 社会科学文献出版社出版 The Evolutionary Path of Endogenization in Models of Economic Growth Abstract The theme of this book is to touch upon the modelization and endogenization of economic growth theory respectively in line with the historical development of growth theory and its formalization. The distinguishing feature of this book is to focus on the evolution of modern growth theory, e.i., how was the growth theory gradually developed into new models through the endogenization of the exogenous factors. The other feature of this book is the analysis on the role of growth theory in mainstream economics and why the growth theory has been studied there. This attempt will inevitably touch upon the objects and targets of mainstream economics that will provide us with a general picture of growth theory discussed in mainstream economics. From our analysis, we hope the readers will systemically understand the mathematical models of growth theory and clearly obtain a full picture of its evolutionary path. CONTENTS 0 Introduction 0.1 Old Approach with ‘New’ Title0.2 The Theme of Economics and Growth Theory0.3 Early Modelization of Modern Growth Theory 0.4 Further Endogenization of Growth Theory Models0.5 Contents and Structure of the book I BASIC FRAMEWORK FOR THE SETUP OF GROWTH THEORY MODELS 1 Classic Growth Theory: Growth Theory without Formalization 1.1 Smith’ Growth Theory1.2 Ricardo’s Growth Theory1.3 Malthus’ Theory of Growth ‘Trap’ 1.4 ‘Static Interlude’: Vanished study on Growth Theory and Some Exceptions 2 Initial Modelization of Growth Theory: Harod-Domar Growth Theory Model 2.1 Resurgence of the Study On Growth Theory2.2 Harod-Domar’s Basic Model 2.3 Instability Of Growth in Harod-Domar’s Model2.4 Harod’s View Of Technological Progress and Neutral Technology Progress2.5 The Starting Point of Modelization and Endogenization Of Growth Theory 3 Benchmark of Modern Models of Economic Growth---Solow Model: Endogenizing the Ratios of Capital to Labor and to Output 3.1 Motive Of Endogenization and Newly Introduced Presumptions3.2 Basic Model and Conclusions3.3 Provision of Benchmark for Modern Models of Economic Growth 4 A Generation of Growth Models Endogenizing Saving Rate 4.1 Various Approachs To Endogenize Saving Rate4.2 Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans’ Model with Infinite Horizon4.3 Diamond’s Model with the Presumption of Overlapping Generations4.4 Dynamic Effectiveness of Competitive Market Economy4.5 The Dilemma of New Classic Growth Model II ‘NEW’ GROWTH THEORY OR ‘ENDOGENOUS’ GROWTH THEORY: THE ENDOGENIZATION OF PRODUCTIVITY Overview: New Growth Theory 5 The First Approach: Through the Externality of Capital Investment 5.1 Arrow-Sheshinski Model: The Initial Attempt to Endogenize Technological Change5.2 Romer’s Extention of Arrow Model5.3 Brezis-Krugman-Tsiddon’s ‘Leapfrogging’ Growth Model In the International Competition 6 The Second Approach: Technology Accumulation through the Direct Study On Knowledge 6.1 Romer’s Model with Endogenous Intermediate Goods 6.2 Grossman-Helpman’s Model of Growth with Endogenous Product Quality Ladders6.3 Neo-Schumpeterain Growth Model: Endogenous ‘Creative Destruction’ 7 The Third Approach: Trough Production and Accumulation of Human Capital 7.1 Lucas’ Growth Model with Endogenous Human Capital 7.2 Growth Model with Endogenous Technology Diffusion III ENDOGENIZING OTHER FACTORS 8 Growth Model with Endogenous Population 8.1 The Framework of Becker-Murphy-Tamura’s Model8.2 The Optimized Behavior in Becker-Murphy-Tamura’s Model9 Endogenizing Division of Labor 9.1 Endogenizing Division of Labor among Various Processes of Production 9.2 Yang-Borland Model: Endogenizing Division of Labor among the Productions of Various Final Goods 10 Government Role in Economic Growth and Its Endogenization 10.1 From Exogenous to Endogenous Government Expenditure10.2 Consumptive Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: Endogenization of Consumptive Government Expenditure10.3 Aggregate Productive Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: Barro’s Model with Endogenous Productive Government Expenditure10.4 Futagami, Morita and Shibata’s Model（FMS Model） IV THE PROBLEMS THAT THE ENDOGENIZATION OF GROWTH MODELS CONFRONTED WITH 11 Historical Analysis of the Relationship between Institution Types and Economic Growth 11.1 The Analysis of Institutional Economics11.2 The Analysis of Transition Economics and Evolutionary Economics11.3 The Analysis of New Economic History School 11.4 Growth Models with Endogenous Finance12 Methodological Issues That The Endogenization Confronted With 12.1 Endogenized Factors 12.2 Factors without Endogenization12.3 The Problem of Constant Return of Scale in Endogenous Growth Theory12.4 The Problem of Linear Item in Endogenous Growth Model12.5 Necessary Requirements for Endogenous Growth Model with Two R&D Sectors12.6 The Problem of Exogenous Factors in Endogenous Growth Model12.7 Production Structure of Endogenous Growth Model in Steady StateReferences 目录 导论 一、“新”称号下的老做法二、经济学的主题与经济增长理论 三、现代经济增长理论的早期模型化阶段 四、经济增长理论模型的进一步内生化 五、本书的内容和结构 第一篇建立经济增长理论模型的基本框架 第一章尚未形成模型的理论：古典增长理论第一节斯密的经济增长理论一、基本模式二、与提高劳动生产力有关的因素三、资本积累与储蓄四、现代经济增长理论的先驱第二节李嘉图的经济增长理论一、关于经济增长未来前景的基本观点二、经济增长分析的基本前提及其模型化三、经济增长的动态过程四、围绕经济增长悲观论的争执五、开始中断对经济增长的理论研究第三节马尔萨斯的增长“陷阱”理论第四节 “静态的插曲”：增长理论研究的消失与某些例外一、马歇尔：外部效应与增长二、Young：收益递增、经济进步和劳动分工的关系三、熊彼特（Schumepter）：创新与增长 第二章经济增长理论模型化的开始——哈罗德—多马的经济增长模型第一节经济增长理论研究的复兴第二节哈罗德-多马的基本模型一、基本假定：增长环境的不确定二、实际增长率、“有保证的增长率”和自然增长率第三节哈罗德模型中增长的不稳定性第四节哈罗德的技术进步观与中性技术进步第五节经济增长理论模型化及其内生化进程的起点 第三章现代经济增长理论模型的基准——索洛模型：将资本、劳动和产出之间的比例内生化第一节内生化的动机和新引进的假设一、内生化的动机二、新引进的假设第二节基本模型及其结论一、新古典生产函数 二、资本积累方程 三、对增长过程和路径的描述四、“黄金律”第三节为现代经济增长理论模型提供基准一、中性技术进步二、现代经济增长理论模型的基准三、主要缺陷与进一步的发展 第四章将储蓄率内生化的一代经济增长模型第一节将储蓄率内生化的不同途径一、新剑桥学派的储蓄率内生化经济增长模型二、新古典经济增长模型的继续发展第二节拉姆齐—卡斯—库普曼斯模型：以无限期界为前提条件一、新古典生产函数二、资本积累方程三、最优决策和均衡增长四、均衡增长的稳定性和收敛性五、动态效用最大化分析的样板 第三节戴蒙德模型：以交叠世代为前提条件一、分散均衡的基本假定二、个人的最优化决策三、企业的最优化决策四、产品市场的均衡五、要素市场的均衡六、经济增长的动态七、非稳态增长的可能性八、多重稳态与自执行预言九、增长稳态的稳定性十、对数效用函数和柯布—道格拉斯生产函数的情况第四节竞争性市场经济的动态有效性问题一、“黄金律资本存量”与“修正黄金律资本存量”二、“世代交叠模型”中的帕累托最优三、“世代交叠模型”中的动态无效率第五节新古典增长模型陷入的困境 第二篇 “新”增长理论或“内生”增长理论：将生产率的增长内生化 概论：“新”增长理论 第五章第一条道路：依靠资本投资的外部性第一节 Arrow-Sheshinski模型：技术变动内生化的最早尝试一、Arrow模型的思想基础二、Arrow模型三、Sheshinski对Arrow模型的简化第二节 Romer对于Arrow模型的扩展第三节 Brezis-Krugman-Tsiddon的国际竞争中的“蛙跳”增长模型一、模型基本框架二、短期均衡三、动态均衡四、蛙跳 第六章第二条道路：依靠对知识的直接研究积累技术第一节罗默将中间产品种类内生化的模型第二节 Grossman-Helpman产品质量阶梯内生增长模型一、模型主要特征二、消费者行为三、厂商行为四、稳态增长五、最优增长六、优点与缺点第三节 Neo-Schumpeterian增长模型：内生化“创造性毁灭”一、“创造性毁灭”二、技术三、中间品部门垄断者的决策问题四、研究部门的决策问题五、均衡增长六、最优增长七、将创新的破坏作用模型化 第七章第三条道路：依靠生产和积累人力资本第一节卢卡斯式的人力资本内生化增长模型一、以专门化投入培育人力资本的情况二、通过“干中学”培育人力资本的情况三、对卢卡斯模型的拓展第二节技术扩散内生化模型一、知识扩散的标准模型：传染病模型二、Barro and Sala-i-Martin所建立的标准国际技术扩散模型三、网络外在性与技术扩散、内生增长四、知识不完全扩散与增长 第三篇将其它因素内生化 第八章将人口变动内生化的经济增长模型第一节 Becker-Murphy-Tamura模型的基本框架第二节 Becker-Murphy-Tamura模型中的最优化行为 第九章将分工内生化第一节将不同生产工序之间的分工内生化一、生产任务中的劳动分工二、知识与专业化三、专业化、知识与增长四、部门间的劳动分工：教师和工人五、以最简洁的方式将部门内的劳动分工内生化第二节 Yang-Borland模型：内生化最终产品生产上的劳动分工一、Yang-Borland模型的基本思想二、Yang-Borland模型的基本框架三、引进假定而规避技术难题所得的竞争性均衡四、增长和发展的动态五、将产品生产专业化的发展内生化 第十章 ZF在经济增长中的作用及其内生化第一节从外生的ZF支出到ZF支出的内生化第二节消费性ZF支出与经济增长：消费性ZF支出的内生化一、对消费性ZF支出的研究二、托诺夫斯基（1996）模型三、消费性ZF支出被任意设定的情况四、消费性ZF支出的最优选择第三节生产性ZF支出总量与经济增长：将生产性ZF支出内生化的巴罗模型一、对生产性ZF支出总量的研究二、家庭优化的内生增长模型三、ZF的计划问题四、税收制度和财产权五、公共服务的另一种解释六、ZF的消费性服务七、自利的ZF八、简化的生产性ZF支出内生化模型九、生产性ZF服务的拥挤(congestion)模型十、将ZF在经济增长中的作用内生化第四节二神、森田和芝田（1993）FMS模型一、基本模型二、ＦＭＳ模型稳态均衡的唯一性三、二神、森田和芝田模型的动态转移过程四、以单一收入税表示的ZF支出对经济增长率的影响五、收入税率变化之后动态转移路径的性质六、财政收支水平的变化对福利的影响七、总的结论 第四篇经济增长模型内生化所面临的问题 第十一章对制度类型与增长之间关系的历史分析第一节制度学派的分析第二节转轨演化学派的分析第三节新经济史学派的分析第四节金融内生化模型 第十二章内生化所面临的方法论问题第一节已被内生化的因素第二节尚未被内生化的因素第三节关于内生增长理论中的不变报酬问题第四节关于内生增长理论中的线性项问题第五节两个研究与开发部门模型的内生增长必要条件第六节关于内生增长理论中的外生性问题第七节内生稳态增长模型的生产结构 参考文献