ibrary(ggplot2)
#图层
p<-ggplot(aes(carat,price,colour=cut),diamonds)
p+layer(geom="point")
p<-ggplot(diamonds,aes(carat))
q<-p+geom_histogram(binwidth=2)
diamonds<-transform(diamonds,carat=carat^2)
q%+%diamonds         #数据集更改
p<-ggplot(mtcars,aes(mpg,wt,colour=factor(cyl)))

p+geom_point()
p+geom_point(aes(colour=factor(cyl)))#映射变量
p+geom_point(aes(y=disp))
p+geom_point(colour="darkblue") #设定参数

#分组
Oxboys
library(nlme)
Oxboys
p<-ggplot(Oxboys,aes(age,height,group=Subject))+geom_line()
p
p+geom_smooth(aes(group=1),method="lm",colour="red",se=F)

#统计变换
ggplot(diamonds,aes(carat))+geom_histogram(aes(y=..density..),binwidth=0.1)
ggplot(diamonds,aes(carat))+geom_histogram()

#位置调整
p<-ggplot(diamonds,aes(clarity,fill=cut))

p+geom_bar(aes(position="dodge"))
p+geom_bar(aes(position="filling"))
p+geom_bar(aes(position="stack"))

#整合
d<-ggplot(diamonds,aes(carat))+xlim(0,3)
d+geom_area()
d+stat_bin(aes(ymax=..count..),binwidth=0.1,geom="area")
d+stat_bin(binwidth=0.1,geom="area")
d+stat_bin(aes(size=..count..,colour=..density..),#大小和颜色映射为数量和密度，气泡图
           binwidth=0.1,geom="point",position="identity")
d+stat_bin(aes(fill=..count..),binwidth=0.1,geom="tile",position="identity")