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MATLAB课程：代码示例之C Code Generation（一）
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2016-03-16

MATLAB课程：代码示例之C Code Generation（一）

Averaging Filter


This example shows the recommended workflow for generating C code from a MATLAB function using the 'codegen' command. These are the steps: 1. Add the %#codegen directive to the MATLAB function to indicate that it is intended for code generation. This directive also enables the MATLAB code analyzer to identify warnings and errors specific to MATLAB for code generation.

2. Generate a MEX function to check that the MATLAB code is suitable for code generation. If errors occur, you should fix them before generating C code.

3. Test the MEX function in MATLAB to ensure that it is functionally equivalent to the original MATLAB code and that no run-time errors occur.

4. Generate C code.

5. Inspect the C code.


Prerequisites

There are no prerequisites for this example.

Create a New Folder and Copy Relevant Files

The following code will create a folder in your current working folder (pwd). The new folder will only contain the files that are relevant for this example. If you do not want to affect the current folder (or if you cannot generate files in this folder), you should change your working folder.

Run Command: Create a New Folder and Copy Relevant Filescoderdemo_setup('coderdemo_averaging_filter');


About the 'averaging_filter' Function

The averaging_filter.m function acts as an averaging filter on the input signal; it takes an input vector of values and computes an average for each value in the vector. The output vector is the same size and shape as the input vector.

type averaging_filter


% y = averaging_filter(x)% Take an input vector signal 'x' and produce an output vector signal 'y' with% same type and shape as 'x' but filtered.function y = averaging_filter(x) %#codegen% Use a persistent variable 'buffer' that represents a sliding window of% 16 samples at a time.persistent buffer;if isempty(buffer)    buffer = zeros(16,1);endy = zeros(size(x), class(x));for i = 1:numel(x)    % Scroll the buffer    buffer(2:end) = buffer(1:end-1);    % Add a new sample value to the buffer    buffer(1) = x(i);    % Compute the current average value of the window and    % write result    y(i) = sum(buffer)/numel(buffer);end


The %#codegen compilation directive indicates that the MATLAB code is intended for code generation.

Create some Sample Data

Generate a noisy sine wave and plot the result.

v = 0:0.00614:2*pi;x = sin(v) + 0.3*rand(1,numel(v));plot(x, 'red');


Generate a MEX Function for Testing

Generate a MEX function using the 'codegen' command. The 'codegen' command checks that the MATLAB function is suitable for code generation and generates a MEX function that you can test in MATLAB prior to generating C code.

codegen averaging_filter -args {x}


Because C uses static typing, 'codegen' must determine the properties of all variables in the MATLAB files at compile time. Here, the '-args' command-line option supplies an example input so that 'codegen' can infer new types based on the input types. Using the sample signal created above as the example input ensures that the MEX function can use the same input.

By default, 'codegen' generates a MEX function named 'averaging_filter_mex' in the current folder. This allows you to test the MATLAB code and MEX function and compare the results.

Test the MEX Function in MATLAB

Run the MEX function in MATLAB

y = averaging_filter_mex(x);% Plot the result when the MEX function is applied to the noisy sine wave.% The 'hold on' command ensures that the plot uses the same figure window as% the previous plot command.hold on;plot(y, 'blue');


Generate C Codecodegen -config coder.config('lib') averaging_filter -args {x}


Inspect the Generated Code

The 'codegen' command with the '-config coder.config('lib')' option generates C code packaged as a standalone C library. The generated C code is in the 'codegen/lib/averaging_filter/' folder. The files are:

dir codegen/lib/averaging_filter/


.                              codeInfo.mat                   ..                             examples                       averaging_filter.a             interface                      averaging_filter.c             rtGetInf.c                     averaging_filter.h             rtGetInf.h                     averaging_filter.o             rtGetInf.o                     averaging_filter_initialize.c  rtGetNaN.c                     averaging_filter_initialize.h  rtGetNaN.h                     averaging_filter_initialize.o  rtGetNaN.o                     averaging_filter_ref.rsp       rt_nonfinite.c                 averaging_filter_rtw.mk        rt_nonfinite.h                 averaging_filter_terminate.c   rt_nonfinite.o                 averaging_filter_terminate.h   rtw_proj.tmw                   averaging_filter_terminate.o   rtwtypes.h                     averaging_filter_types.h       buildInfo.mat                  


Inspect the C Code for the 'averaging_filter.c' Functiontype codegen/lib/averaging_filter/averaging_filter.c


/* * File: averaging_filter.c * * MATLAB Coder version            : 3.1 * C/C++ source code generated on  : 07-Jan-2016 17:22:22 *//* Include Files */#include "rt_nonfinite.h"#include "averaging_filter.h"/* Variable Definitions */static double buffer[16];/* Function Definitions *//* * Use a persistent variable 'buffer' that represents a sliding window of *  16 samples at a time. * Arguments    : const double x[1024] *                double y[1024] * Return Type  : void */void averaging_filter(const double x[1024], double y[1024]){  int i;  double dv0[15];  double b_y;  int k;  /*  y = averaging_filter(x) */  /*  Take an input vector signal 'x' and produce an output vector signal 'y' with */  /*  same type and shape as 'x' but filtered. */  for (i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {    /*  Scroll the buffer */    memcpy(&dv0[0], &buffer[0], 15U * sizeof(double));    /*  Add a new sample value to the buffer */    buffer[0] = x;    /*  Compute the current average value of the window and */    /*  write result */    b_y = buffer[0];    for (k = 0; k < 15; k++) {      buffer[1 + k] = dv0[k];      b_y += buffer[k + 1];    }    y = b_y / 16.0;  }}/* * Arguments    : void * Return Type  : void */void averaging_filter_init(void){  memset(&buffer[0], 0, sizeof(double) << 4);}/* * File trailer for averaging_filter.c * * [EOF] */


Cleanup

Remove files and return to original folder

Run Command: Cleanupcleanup




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聆听故事city
2016-3-16 11:51:59
很厉害，学习一门技术不容易啊……
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