英文文献：Conservation Of Endangered Species: Can Incentives Work For Private Landowners?-濒危物种保护:激励措施对私人土地所有者有效吗?有人认为，《濒危物种法》基于土地使用限制的传统监管方式，未能保护私有土地上的濒危物种
英文文献作者：Langpap, Christian
英文文献摘要：
It has been argued that the traditional regulatory approach of the Endangered Species Act, based on land-use restrictions, has failed to protect endangered species on private land. In response, there has been a call for the use of incentives to complement this regulatory approach. This paper examines the potential of incentives programs to elicit conservation-oriented management choices from landowners. Data obtained from a survey of non-industrial private forest owners in Oregon and Washington is used to examine the effectiveness of various incentives. The results indicate that incentives, in particular compensation and assurances, can be effective in increasing the conservation effort provided by landowners. The results also suggest that conservation policy for private lands could be improved by relying on a combination of incentives, including financial incentives and assurances, rather than exclusively on the threat of regulation.

作为回应，有人呼吁使用激励措施来补充这种监管方式。本文探讨了激励方案在促使土地所有者做出以节约为导向的管理选择方面的潜力。对俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的非工业私人森林所有者的调查所获得的数据被用来检查各种奖励措施的有效性。结果表明，奖励措施，特别是补偿和保证，可以有效地增加土地所有者提供的保护努力。研究结果还表明，私有土地的保护政策可以通过综合的激励措施(包括财政激励和保证)来改进，而不是仅仅依靠监管的威胁。