英文文献：Samuelson'S Full Duality And The Use Of Directed Acyclical Graphs: The Birth Of Causally Identified Demand Systems
英文文献作者：Stockton, Matthew C.,Capps, Oral, Jr.,Bessler, David A.
英文文献摘要：
To date, mixed demand systems have been all but ignored in empirical work. A possible reason for the scarcity of such applications is that one needs to know a priori which prices and quantities are endogenous in the mixed demand system. By using a directed acyclical graph (DAG), causal relationships among price and quantity variables are identified giving rise to a causally identified demand system (CIDS). A statistical comparison is made of the traditional Rotterdam model with a Rotterdam mixed demand system identified through the use of a DAG. In this analysis, the respective Rotterdam demand systems consist of five products: steak, ground beef, roast beef, pork, and chicken.