应计利润大多是根据Modified Jones Model计算得出的,可以参考论如下:
Bartov, E., Gul, F. A. and Tsui, J. S. L. (2000) ‘Discretionary-accruals models and audit qualifications’, Journal of accounting and economics. Elsevier, 30(3), pp. 421–452.
Cornett, M. M., Marcus, A. J. and Tehranian, H. (2008) ‘Corporate governance and pay-for-performance: The impact of earnings management’, Journal of financial economics. Elsevier, 87(2), pp. 357–373.
Sloan 将应计定义为:Accruals=(流动资产变动-现金或现金等价物变动)-[流动负债的变动-一年内到期债务变动(排除筹资活动影响)-应付所得税变动(排除所得税变动影响]-折旧和摊销费用。
Sloan R G.Do stock prices fully reflect information in accruals and cash flows about future earnings?[J].The Accounting Review,1996(3):289-315.