Because of the individual-specic xed eects, the total number of parameters in the models with
xed eects equals the number of individuals plus the dimension of the common parameters. When the
number of individuals (N ) goes to the intinity and the time-series dimension (T ) is xed, the maximum
likelihood estimator (MLE) typically results in inconsistent estimates of the common parameter of
interest (Neyman and Scott (1948)).