• Welzel, C., Inglehart, R., & Klingemann, H. D. (2001). Human development as a general theory of social change: A multi-level and cross-cultural perspective (No. FS III 01-201). WZB Discussion Paper.
  Introduction 5
  Students of social change have focused on three major processes. The most fundamental one, socioeconomic development, has been described innumerable times.
  开篇直接就是对某一个领域的大总结，这需要实力。总结得不好还不如不总结，总结到到位精彩，才能出彩。 The most fundamental one…. Has been described innumerable times, 对于那种整天看到的研究，就直白的说明 说了不计其数。
  Most scholars agree that socioeconomic development reflects a set of closely linked changes including productivity growth, improving quality of life in terms of health and life expectancy, increasing material prosperity, expanding education and communication, and increasing social diversification.
  使用most scholars agree that … 来介绍这个领域内最为distinctive的发现。
  The second process, cultural modernization, is assumed to co-evolve with socioeconomic development when rationalized market relations and expanding horizontal networks disburden people from hierarchical and parochial clientelist ties that restrict human autonomy.
  第二个理论，Be assumed to 被认为 等同于be supposed to  被认为
  Cultural modernization, if it occurs, reshape a society’s prevailing attitudes in ways that have been described in various terms, such as the emergence of “democratic personalities”, “civic cultural attitudes”, “individual modernity”, “postmaterialist values” , “liberal attitudes”, or “social capital”.
  以上作者将所有可能与该主题相关的关键词都列出来了，展现了作者在这个领域内广泛的知识，如果你想查本领域的文献，但连关键词还不知道，那么这说明你还只是个小菜鸟，故千万不要采用这个格式。
  Cultural modernization is present to the degree that traditional-deferential orientations, which subordinated the individuals to the community, give way to more ambitious aspirations which emphasize the value of the individual and which include increasing self-respect, more self-determined forms of civic engagement, less personalized and more generalized forms of social trust as well as growing tolerance of human diversity.
  好多长句子啊，作者真是擅长使用长句子，be present to …. 用来起始解释某个理论。
  The third major process occur in a society’s political institutions. The most notable development in this field has been a profound tendency to improving the democratic performance of political regimes during the past three decades.
  The most notable development in this field….. 介绍该领域的已有成果，可以看出来，我们在introduction始终撩不开的就是要介绍这个领域的研究成果，那么就多多学学怎么开始介绍吧。  A profound tendency …. 替代important tendency