Nominal GDP 的計算是用 current price, 即當時的市場價格; 而Real GDP 的計算則是用 constant price。所謂constant price其實是基準年 (base year) 的市場價格。換言之, real GDP的計算並不會受價格波動的影響 (畢竟current price怎樣改變, real GDP都不會受影響)。因此real GDP通常被認為是一個反映生活質素比較準確的指標。詳見附上的ppt:
1. real GDP 与 nominal GDP 该用下面五租数据中的哪两项？
按照大家的指教，real GDP用第一项，nominal GDP用第三项，是这样吗？第二项是real GDP的增长率吗？顺便问一下，我国对外宣称的年增长率是real GDP 的增长率吗？第四项是什么意思？第五项就是deflator吧。
2. 如果 real GDP 不受价格影响，是不是既考虑了 base year 又包含了对deflator 的处理，还是说他们俩就是一回事？也就是说只要是一份 real GDP 的数据，那么就直接使用，不用再处理了？
Real GDP is expressed in billions of national currency units; the base year is country-specific.
2. Gross domestic product, constant prices
Annual percentages of constant price GDP are year-on-year changes;
the base year is country-specific.
3. Gross domestic product, current prices
GDP is expressed in billions of national currency units.
4. Gross domestic product, current prices
Values are based upon GDP in national currency and the exchange rate projections provided by country economists for the group of other emerging market and developing countries. Exchanges rates for advanced economies are established in the WEO assumptions for each WEO exercise.
5. Gross domestic product, deflator
The GDP deflator is derived by dividing current price GDP by constant price GDP and is considered to be an alternate measure of inflation.
Please note:
Data are expressed in the base year of each country's national accounts.
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