英文文献：Location and Spatial Pricing in Agricultural Markets-农业市场的区位和空间定价
英文文献作者：Graubner, Marten,Balmann, Alfons,Sexton, Richard J.
英文文献摘要：
Agricultural markets often feature significant transport costs and spatially distributed production and processing which causes spatial imperfect competition. Spatial economics considers the firms’ decisions regarding location and spatial price strategy separately, usually on the demand side, and under restrictive assumptions. Therefore, alternative approaches are needed to explain, e.g., the location of new ethanol plants in the U.S. at peripheral as well as at central locations and the observation of different spatial price strategies in the market. We use an agent-based simulation model to analyze location and spatial pricing in a general model under multi-firm competition, two-dimensional space, and a continuum of potential price strategies. The results show, e.g., that depending on the location of a processor, different price strategies can be observed, spatial price discrimination can increase with the number of competitors, and elasticity in the producers’ supply functions can be identified as stabilizing factor of processor’s location.

农业市场往往具有巨大的运输成本和空间分布的生产和加工，从而导致空间不完全竞争。空间经济学将企业关于区位和空间价格战略的决策分开考虑，通常是在需求方面，并且是在限制性的假设下。因此，需要用其他方法来解释，例如，在美国的新乙醇工厂的位置在外围和中心位置，以及观察不同的市场空间价格策略。我们使用一个基于代理的模拟模型来分析在多企业竞争、二维空间和连续的潜在价格策略下的一般模型中的位置和空间定价。研究结果表明，厂商的价格策略会因厂商的位置而异，厂商的空间价格歧视会随竞争对手的数目而增加，厂商供给函数的弹性可以被认为是厂商位置的稳定因素。