英文文献：Using Cellulosic Ethanol to ‘Go Green’: What Price for Carbon?-使用纤维素乙醇“走向绿色”:碳的价格是多少?修订后的可再生燃料标准(RFS2)要求纤维素生物燃料成为液体运输燃料混合的一部分，并有助于减少我们的碳足迹
英文文献作者：Miranowski, John A.,Rosburg, Alicia
英文文献摘要：
The revised Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2) mandates that cellulosic biofuels be part of the liquid transportation fuel mix and contribute to reducing our carbon footprint. Unfortunately, since no commercial cellulosic biorefinery exists and cellulosic biomass production is typically smaller scale than conventional crop production, limited knowledge exists of the actual costs of producing cellulosic biomass and converting it to cellulosic ethanol. Understanding of the implications of RFS2 requires a better understanding of the economics of producing cellulosic ethanol. We use the Biofuel Breakeven model (BIOBREAK), a simple long run breakeven model that represents the feedstock supply system and biofuel refining process, along with estimates of the potential reduction in carbon emissions from biofuels relative to conventional fuels, to derive the implicit carbon price (or carbon credit) needed to sustain a biomass market and cellulosic ethanol industry. We evaluate BIOBREAK under different oil prices, the RFS2 mandate, and with and without other biofuel incentives.

不幸的是，由于没有商业的纤维素生物精炼厂存在，而且纤维素生物质生产通常比传统作物生产规模小，因此对生产纤维素生物质并将其转化为纤维素乙醇的实际成本了解有限。要理解RFS2的含义，就需要更好地理解生产纤维素乙醇的经济意义。我们使用生物燃料盈亏平衡模型(BIOBREAK),一个简单的长期盈亏平衡模型,代表了原料供应系统和生物燃料的提炼过程,以及估计的潜在减少生物燃料的碳排放相对传统燃料,推导隐含的碳排放价格(或碳信用额)需要维持一个生物质纤维素乙醇产业市场。我们评估了不同油价、RFS2规定以及有无其他生物燃料激励措施下的生物燃料消耗情况。