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1、昨日2小时，总计71小时；2、阅读《时代的稻草人》、《南方周末》、杂志外刊、复习cpa。
3、【单词】
That enthusiasm deficit has implications well beyond the easily parodied world of the Davos conference.
<词汇>
enthusiasm n.热情，热忱;热衷的事物;宗教的狂热
（The lack of enthusiasm for unification among most West Germans fills him with disappointment.）
implication n.含义;含蓄，含意，言外之意;卷入，牵连，牵涉，纠缠;[逻辑学]蕴涵，蕴含
(The implication was obvious: vote for us or it will be very embarrassing for you.)

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《思想的力量：哲学导论》

336. 哲学上的行为主义的大致纲要：
1）不存在非物理性的心灵这种东西；
2）精神的事物词并不真正指称任何事物；
3）关于人的精神状态的陈述无法被确切地翻译为关于人的行为和行为倾向的陈述，因前者所涉及行为和行为倾向是不确定的、保持开放的，它取决于当事人所处的具体情境。

337. 二元论所遭遇到的另一问题，行为主义给出了漂亮的解答：脑科学家和神经科学家在解释人类行为的起因和源头时，根本无须假定非物理性精神状态的存在，因为行为主义者认为这种东西根本不存在。

338. 同一性原理（identity theory）：一种物理主义的心灵哲学，认为所谓的精神现象都是发生在大脑和中枢神经系统中的物理现象。一个思想，其实就是发生在其中的某些事件。
它认为，思想就是神经过程。正如光就是电磁辐射，热就是分子运动一样，思想和其他一切精神现象都是大脑和中枢神经系统中的物理状态和物理事件。
初学哲学的人有时候不容易看出行为主义和同一性理论的差别，主要由于如下两个原因造成的：
1）两者都是物理主义（唯物主义）理论，都认为所有人全都是彻头彻尾的物理机体，都不承认非物质性或非物理性的灵魂、精神或心灵的存在，都不认为精神状态的事物词可以指称非物质性或非物理性的事物。
2）很少有理论家是纯粹的行为主义者或同一性理论者。
然这两种理论不应该被混淆。
同一性理论主张精神状态是大脑状态。即讲一个人的信念、思想、希望、观点时，实际上说的是他的大脑和神经系统中所发生的事件、过程和状态。
而哲学上的行为主义主张，当我们用日常的心理学词汇描述某人时，我们实际上是在以方便的方式谈论他的行为倾向。

339. 功能主义：对同一性理论的观点提出质疑，即能和一种特定的精神状态或过程相等同的，必定仅限于一种特定的大脑状态或过程。但这种情况也是可能得：几个全然不同的生理系统也能拥有一致的心理（精神）状态。
功能主义（Functionalism）认为，精神状态是由它的功能来定义的。任何具有那种功能的物理过程（无论它发生在怎样的机体或物理系统中）都是那样的信念。
信念之类的东西是根据其功能被定义的；所谓功能，就是它们在与行为及其他精神状态的相互作用中所扮演的角色。

===========================
Blockchain：
13.
    Addresses
    Addresses are unique identifiers that are used in a transaction on the blockchain to send data to another address; in the case of Bitcoins, addresses are identifiers that are used to send or receive Bitcoins. Bitcoin blockchain addresses have evolved from time to time. Originally, IP addresses were used as the Bitcoin address, but this method was prone to serious security flaws; hence, it was decided to use P2PKH as a standard format. A P2PKH address consists of 34 characters, and its first character is integer 1. In literal terms, P2PKH means Pay to Public Key Has. This is an example of a Bitcoin address based on P2PKH: 1PNjry6F8p7eaKjjUEJiLuCzabRyGeJXxg.
    Now, there is another advanced Bitcoin protocol to create a P2SH address, which means Pay to Script Hash. One major difference with a P2SH address is that it always starts with integer 3 instead of 1.

    Wallets
    A wallet is a digital wallet used to store public or private keys along with addresses for transaction. There are various types of wallets available, each one offering a certain level of security and privacy.
    Here is a list of the various types of wallets, based on their functions:
    Software: This wallet is installed on the actual computer; the private key access is with the owner of the machine on which the wallet's
    software is installed.
    Web Wallets: These wallets are based on the cloud and can be accessed anywhere. The private keys are shared with the wallet service.
    Paper Wallets: The private keys of this wallet are printed on paper.
    Hardware: These are physical wallets and are small and portable in nature. The private keys are with the hardware users of each wallet.
    It is important to understand the functioning and the need for various wallets along with the requirement for each.

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Django：6 pages

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deviation
*[,di:vi'eiʃәn]
n. 背离
【化】 偏差; 误差; 偏斜
【医】 偏差, 偏斜, 偏向
【经】 (统计上的)误差, 偏差
n
  1 [U and C] a noticeable difference from what is expected or acceptable:  deviation from//  --There must be no deviation from the normal procedure.//
  2 [C]  technical the difference between a number or measurement in a  set and the average of all the numbers or measurements in that set:    standard deviation//

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阅读2小时-O Done.  完成

Material: Michael E.Porter ‘s paper named a Strategy for Health Care Reform- toward a value based system issued in Jul.09,2009 the New England Journal of Medicine.
Reflection: what we need now is a clear national comprehensive vision for the kind of health care system we want to achieve and a path for getting there. The central focus shall be increasing value for patients –the health outcomes achieved per dollar spent. Good outcomes that are achieved efficiently are the goal, not the false savings from cost shifting and restricted service. The only way to truly contain costs in health care is to improve outcomes: in a value-based system, achieving and maintaining good health is inherently less costly than dealing with poor health. True reform will require both moving toward universal insurance coverage and restructuring the care delivery system. How can we achieve universal coverage in a way that will support, rather than impede, a fundamental reorientation of the delivery system around value for patients? There are several critical steps. First, we must change the nature of health insurance competition. We must introduce regulation to end coverage and price discrimination based on health risks or existing health problems. In addition, health plan shall be required to measure and report their subscriber’s health outcomes, starting with a group of important medical conditions. Second, we must keep employers in the insurance system; third, we need to address the unfair burden on people who has no access to employers-based coverage who therefore face higher premiums and greater difficulty on securing coverage. Fourth, to make individual insurance affordable, we need large statewide or multistate insurance pools, fifth, income-based subsidies will be needed to help lower income people to buy insurance, finally once a value-based insurance market had been established, everyone must be required to purchase the insurance so that young and healthier people could not opt out. For restructuring the delivery system where most of the value is created and most of the costs are incurred. First, measurement and dissemination of health outcomes shall become mandatory for every provider and every medical conditions. Second, we need to radically reexamine how to organize the delivery of prevention, wellness, screening and routine health maintenance services. Third, we need to reorganize care delivery around medical condition. Fourth, we need a reimbursement system that aligns everyone’s interests around improving value for patients. Fifth, we must expect and require providers to compete for patients, based on value at the medical-condition level, both within and across state borders. Sixth, electronic medical records will enable value improvement, but only if they support integrated care and outcome measurement. Finally consumers must become much more involved in their health and health care. Michael port did not mention why this is the right strategy.

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昨日阅读1小时，累计阅读114小时。继续读《生态文明中的生态原理》，倡导生态文明，实施环境保护。读生态文明专著，听了关于生态文明的报告，对生态文明也有一些了解。有人把生态文明当做环境保护升级版，这也涉及到环境保护和经济发展的关系，也就是总书记说的“绿水青山”与“金山银山”之间的关系。过去，我们为了追求金山银山，不得不牺牲绿水青山，在获得经济社会发展和改善人民生活的同时，却在生态环境上跌入低谷，出现比较严重的生态损害和环境污染。可以说，绿水青山与金山银山这种此消彼长的关系，是历史上所有工业化国家都出现过的挑战，我国也没有幸免。

1、链接：https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3477900

2、摘录：近年来，银行业的不良率一直颇受市场关注。去年年初开始，银保监会（原银监会）更是直接把整治不良资产行业乱象作为监管重点。而2019年的首张罚单便是剑指不良资产。

1月2日，中国银保监会网站公布了海南银保监局对中国长城资产管理股份有限公司海南省分公司的行政处罚决定书（琼银保监筹〔2018〕211号）。

决定书显示，中国长城资产管理股份有限公司（以下简称“长城资管”）海南省分公司存在非金不良收购尽职调查严重不尽职的违法违规事实。海南银保监局依据《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》第四十六条，对其处以30万元罚款。

无独有偶，1月10日，长城资管的天津市分公司又因违规处置内生不良资产、掩盖风险，严重违反审慎经营规则，被罚50万元。

除了长城资管外，同为四大AMC的中国华融资产管理股份有限公司（以下简称“华融资管”）也因违规掩盖不良资产被罚。

罚单显示，华融资管深圳市分公司因超授权违规经营，业务及会计记录缺失，违规掩盖内生不良，被罚150万元。与此同时，该公司还因与债权出让方的关联企业违规约定保底清收条款，未实现资产真实转移，违反了《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》第四十六条，被罚50万元。

加大对资管公司不良资产处置监管的同时，监管方还重点关注银行五级贷款的分类。今年以来，已有多家银行因贷款五级分类不准确被罚。

最大罚单涉“资管乱象”
资管业务方面也是乱象频出。罚单显示，今年以来，罚款数额最大的一张罚单便和资管行业乱象有关。

该罚单显示，华润深国投信托有限公司（以下简称“深国投“）因房地产开发二级资质审查不符合要求，未正确填报政府融资平台业务报表，合格投资者穿透审核不符合要求，个人理财资金投资信托劣后受益权，协助保险资金投资于通道类信托计划，违规代持保险资产管理公司股权等多项案由，被罚没610万元。

3、感悟：资管乱象虽然在一定程度上可以盘活资产，但是其后果及影响程度很难得到控制，为了控制住系统性风险，从源头上控制风险，央行开始控制资产乱象。

4、昨日阅读：0.5小时。

5、总阅读时间：8小时。

昨日阅读3小时，累计阅读125小时。
学习“价格变化的福利效应”小结：
1.当价格上升时，如果不对消费者实行补偿，则需求量会大大减少。补偿有两种方法：补偿性变化CV（老效用、新价格）和等值性变化EV（新效用、老价格）。CV=e(p1,u0)-y，EV=y-e(p0,u1)；在坐标轴里，CV=A+B+C, EV=A, CS=A+B（消费者剩余）。
2.显示性偏好理论不需要效用函数而直接推导出需求函数关系，满足显示性偏好弱公理说明消费者行为是内在一致的、是符合理性的。判断：若两个消费计划点都落在两条预算线（不同时期）的范围内，则违反了现实性偏好公理；若至少有一个消费计划点落在其中一条预算线之外，则满足显示性偏好弱公理。
3.显示性偏好可用来研究价格变化时产生的配置效应和福利效应，例如对娱乐征税、对药品降价，A点交于干预前后的两条预算线，则配置变化，福利上升。

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