昨日阅读 3h,累计 664.5 h
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《思想的力量:哲学导论》
402. Aristotle和Plato一样,不是平等主义者(egalitarian),即不详细所有的人在社会、政治、经济利益、基本人权等诸多方面都是平等的。
403. 自然法理论和契约论理论
Aristotle是一位伦理学自然主义者。当他要回答“事情应当如何”这样的问题时,他观察周围世界(即转向自然)去发现事情实际上是如何的。
他的自然主义,有时被视为自然法政治理论(Natural law political theory)的鼻祖。
自然法决定了何为正确、何为错误,决定了善和恶、正义和非正义、适当和不适当。
(当然,自然法出自于他之后的斯多葛派哲学,并非是Aristotle。斯多葛派认为自然法是非个人的理性原则,统治着整个宇宙)
404. 著名的罗马政治家西塞罗为斯多葛派的自然法概念作出了适用于政治哲学的经典表述。(是符合自然的正当的理性;它是普遍有效、永恒不变的,罗马的法和雅典的法没有什么不同;现在的法和未来的法也没有什么不同。一个永恒不变的法在所有的国家和一切时代都是行之有效的)主张只有一个正当的法律,就是理性的自然法。
这个主张是大胆的,从某种程度上讲,我们至今仍接受它。
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Blockchain:
32
Bitcoin block
 Here is a snapshot of a Bitcoin block:
Both Bitcoin and Ethereum are PoW chains; let's look now at a Proof of Stake (POS) ecosystem: Bitshares.
Here is some data from a Bitshares block:
Despite a radically different architecture, the fundamentals remain: references to a previous block, Merkle root, and network metadata. In Bitshares, you can also see that there is a Witness Signature. As a PoS blockchain, Bitshares has validators (they are called witnesses). Here, we see the witness and signature of the computer responsible for calculating this block.
Global state
 One of the key properties of blockchain technology is that it can act as a trusted global state. There are many applications where a trusted global state is important but difficult, such as financial technology and logistics.
 For instance, a few years ago, I ordered some camera equipment online. A few days later, I came home and was surprised to find that my equipment had arrived. I was so thankful that the expensive equipment sitting outside had not been stolen. It was only the next day that I received an email from the seller alerting me that the package had been shipped.
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Django:fighting...
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昨日阅读 3h
累计 664.5 h