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Data Description

The National Bureau of Statistics of China has organized local governments to
conduct two rounds of the China Agricultural Census (CAC) in 1996 and 2006 respectively. Aiming to
produce reliable statistics for rural population and activities, the CAC is designed to cover every
individual that resided or had registered residence in every village at the time of interview. The
exhaustive nature of CAC, and the administrative nature of village, allows us to have a clear boundary of
social networks by village. It also allows us to test if a boarder definition of social network will yield
different results.

Drawn from the 2006 CAC, our data cover all the rural residents in a poor area of China as of
December 31, 2006. This project is a collaborative effort with the local government, in order to better
understand rural population and agricultural activities in this particular area. We are not allowed to reveal
the geographic location, but we can assure readers that the studied area belongs to an inland province
whose per capita income is significantly lower than the national average. In total, we observe 5.9 million
individuals in 1.4 million households and 3,986 villages. These villages belong to 250 townships and
spread across 8 counties. The size of the whole census area is roughly 16,000 km^2 total, with on average
area of 4 km^2 per village. Compared to other migration data that often contain a limited sample of
households from a small number of communities (e.g. the Mexican Migration Project used in both
Munshi 2003 and Mckenzie and Rapoport 2007 surveys 57 rural communities and 200 households per
community), we are able to define who and who are in the same network, the demographics of network
members, and the migration decision of each member.